Analysis of the Demagnetization of a PMSG Using a Coupled Electromagnetic–Fluid–Thermal Numerical Model
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This article presents a multiphysics simulation methodology to predict the temperature-dependent demagnetization phenomenon of a 900 W permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). For the 2D electromagnetic model, a commercial finite element method (FEM) package was used to determine the power loss distribution under steady-state conditions, accounting for temperature-dependent demagnetization. The thermal analysis was carried out on a 3D model using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, where a polyhedral mesh, rotor rotation effects, and turbulent modeling were implemented. Two simulation cases were evaluated: Case 1, electromagnetic losses at constant temperature without FEM-CFD coupling; Case 2, bidirectional FEM-CFD coupling under steady-state conditions. The analysis confirms that in Cases 1 and 2, there is no risk of irreversible demagnetization, thus validating the selection of the permanent magnet (PM) and the design of the PMSG. Additionally, the methodology accurately captured the heat transfer effects resulting from natural convection and turbulent flow in the critical regions. The CFD modeling convergence criteria, based on residuals and flow monitors, demonstrated numerical stability and a satisfactory mesh discretization in both the FEM and CFD domains, providing valid feedback on the PM temperatures. The proposed methodology provides a robust and accurate tool for coupled electromagnetic–fluid–thermal analysis of the PMSG at rated operating conditions.
Source: Energies
DOI: 10.3390/en18236149
Institution: Instituto Tecnólogico de La Laguna
Language: English
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,137
OpenAlex ID: W4416593256