Diabetes Genetic Clusters and Clinical Outcomes in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Key Points Type 2 diabetes partitioned polygenic scores capture metabolic profiles for obesity, β -cell with positive proinsulin, and lipodystrophy clusters in CKD. The type 2 diabetes obesity genetic cluster was associated with higher risk of overall mortality among individuals with CKD. Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) exhibits biologic and pathophysiologic heterogeneity, which may contribute to variations in diabetes-related complications, particularly in high-risk populations such as individuals with CKD. Prior research has explored T2D mechanisms using partitioned polygenic scores (pPGS), derived from distinct clusters of variants according to their associations with cardiometabolic traits. In this study, we investigated whether cluster-specific pPGS are associated with cardiovascular outcomes and CKD progression in individuals with CKD. Methods We used genome-wide genotype data from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) to calculate both a total polygenic score for T2D and pPGS for T2D clusters. We examined their associations with cardiometabolic traits and conducted time-to-event analysis to assess their association with mortality (overall and cardiovascular), incident cardiovascular outcomes (myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation [AFIB], peripheral artery disease, and a composite of major cardiovascular events), and CKD progression. Results Among 3577 CRIC participants (mean age 58 years, 45% were women, 49% had T2D), the total polygenic score was significantly associated with higher hemoglobin A1c ( P = 4.8×10 −21 ) among nondiabetic participants. Cluster-specific pPGS in CRIC captured distinct cardiometabolic profiles corresponding to T2D mechanistic subtypes, particularly the obesity cluster, the β -cell dysfunction with positive proinsulin cluster, and the lipodystrophy cluster. The obesity cluster pPGS was significantly associated with incident AFIB ( P = 2.89×10 −4 ) and overall mortality ( P = 4.29×10 −4 ), but the association with AFIB was attenuated when accounting for competing risk of death ( P = 0.002). The β -cell dysfunction with negative proinsulin cluster was inversely associated with CKD progression ( P = 2.48×10 −5 ). Conclusions Our findings suggest that T2D driven by insulin resistance and obesity contributes to a higher risk of overall death in individuals with CKD and explain in part the higher risk of AFIB. These results highlight the importance of considering T2D heterogeneity when assessing cardiovascular risk in this population.
Institutions: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of Pennsylvania, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Tulane University, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Cleveland Clinic, University of California, San Francisco, University of New Mexico, George Washington University, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard University, University of Illinois Chicago, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre
Language: English
Subfield: Genetics
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: Clinical and Translational Science Institute, American Indian Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study (AI-CRIC), Continuation of the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study, General Clinical Research Center, G5413648608, G5416377389, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, G657063625, Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research (MCHR), Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Institutional Clinical and Translational Science Award, Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative of Cleveland, Tulane COBRE for Clinical and Translational Research in Cardiometabolic Diseases, Prospective renal insufficiency cohort evaluation: PRICE, UNC Center for Environmental Health and Susceptibility, Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study Clinical Center, Continuation of the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC), Continuation of the University of Illinois Chicago CRIC Clinical Center, Limited Competition for the Continuation of the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Hopkins Clinical Center, Tulane Clinical Center for Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study, Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Limited competition continuation, Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study
OpenAlex ID: W4416645860