Surgical field visualization and feasibility of accessory lung lobectomy using a pretied ligature loop via single incision thoracoscopy in canine cadavers
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Introduction Thoracoscopic surgery is a widely accepted minimally invasive technique in veterinary medicine. However, its application in small dogs is limited by the narrow thoracic space, difficulty accessing midline structures, and the requirement for one-lung ventilation. To overcome these limitations, a single-incision subxiphoid approach with low-pressure CO 2 insufflation may offer improved visualization and access, but objective, quantitative evidence supporting its feasibility remains insufficient. Materials and methods Eight canine cadavers (6–10 kg) underwent subxiphoid single-port thoracoscopy under mechanical ventilation with non-insufflation and 3 mmHg CO 2 insufflation. Visualization quality was quantitatively evaluated using image analysis, and lung lobe accessibility was scored. The feasibility and safety of accessory lung lobectomy using a pretied ligature loop was assessed, including air leakage testing. Results CO 2 insufflation at 3 mmHg group significantly enhanced thoracoscopic visualization compared to non-insufflation group, particularly by reducing visual obstruction from the left middle and right caudal lung lobes. All lung lobes were accessible through a single incision, though the accessory lung lobe was more difficult to approach (mean exploration score: 0.59). Accessory lung lobectomy using a pretied loop was successfully completed in all cadavers without evidence of air leakage, with an average procedure time of 921 s. Discussion A single-incision subxiphoid thoracoscopic approach combined with low-pressure CO 2 insufflation significantly improves visualization and instrument maneuverability in small-breed canine cadavers. This method also enables complete lung lobe exploration and allows safe and effective accessory lung lobectomy using a pretied ligature loop.
Source: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
Authors: Chaewon Kim, Sangjun Lee, Suyoung Heo
Institution: Jeonbuk National University
Language: English
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,801
OpenAlex ID: W4416666371