Gross primary production variations dominate the response of Indian terrestrial carbon fluxes to global climatic phenomena
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: A better understanding of country-scale anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions and natural flux estimates and the carbon-climate feedback, is critical in formulating national climate policies to attain net zero emissions. Here, we use the atmospheric carbon dioxide column observations from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 satellite to unravel the response of the Indian land biosphere to global climatic phenomena such as El Niño-Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole. An ensemble of global flux inverse models constrained by satellite observations indicates a reduction in carbon uptake by the Indian land biosphere during El Niño and an enhanced uptake during La Niña and positive Indian Ocean Dipole events. We find that the large Gross Primary Production variations, as compared to total ecosystem respiration, determined the response of flux variability to climatic phenomena. The carbon-climate constraints imposed by satellite observations over India help elucidate how biospheric uptake may offset anthropogenic emissions in the future. Carbon dioxide uptake by Indian terrestrial biosphere is reduced in El Niño and enhanced in La Niña and positive Indian Ocean Dipole events, mainly due to gross primary production variations, according to satellite-based atmospheric carbon dioxide column observations
Institutions: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Ames Research Center, Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Goddard Space Flight Center, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Nanjing University, University of New Hampshire, China Meteorological Administration, Johns Hopkins University, University of Maryland, College Park
Language: English
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
SDG: Climate action
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,490
OpenAlex ID: W4416765281