Numerical Analysis of MSE Walls with Sustainable Backfills Using Limit Equilibrium and Finite Element Method
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study compared the global stability of Mechanically Stabilized Earth walls with sustainable backfills using the Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) and Finite Element Method (FEM). A total of 120 models were analyzed, examining backfill type (sand, recycled concrete aggregate, and reclaimed asphalt pavement), reinforcement type, wall height (2–8 m), length-to-height ratio, and retained slope angle. Recycled concrete aggregate provided comparable stability to sand (FS ≥ 1.5), while reclaimed asphalt pavement often failed minimum requirements in walls over 6 m or with steep slopes. In LEM analyses, geogrids provided higher factors of safety, achieving up to 6.6% improvement in critical conditions. FEM results showed geogrids reduced lateral displacements and earth pressures by 5–6% compared to geotextiles. Both methods showed strong agreement (FS difference < 5%), with FEM identifying failure surfaces initiating at the reinforced zone’s rear. All designs met serviceability limits, with horizontal displacements remaining below 0.21% of wall height. Foundation pressures remained below theoretical values due to soil arching. Recycled concrete aggregate was viable for walls up to 6 m, while reclaimed asphalt pavement required geometric modifications. For taller walls or steep slopes, extended reinforcement (length-to-height ratio > 1.0) and hybrid stabilization were recommended.
Author: Danny Useche-Infante
Institution: Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia
Language: English
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,290
OpenAlex ID: W4416767473