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Mpox in People Living with HIV: Clinical Challenges, Preventive Strategies and Public Health Implications

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Monkeypox virus (MPXV) re-emerged in 2022 with a global outbreak that affected more than 100,000 individuals worldwide. People living with HIV (PLWH) accounted for a substantial proportion of cases, raising concerns about disease presentation, management, and outcomes in this population. Evidence indicates that PLWH with advanced or uncontrolled HIV infection experienced more severe mpox, with higher hospitalization rates, more complications, and longer disease courses. In contrast, individuals with well-controlled HIV generally had outcomes similar to those without HIV. Access to timely diagnosis, consistent antiretroviral therapy, and availability of tecovirimat were key factors influencing prognosis. Reports also suggest bidirectional interactions between mpox and HIV pathogenesis. Immune activation and APOBEC3-related viral evolution have been proposed; however, these mechanisms remain incompletely characterized and warrant further investigation. Moreover, disparities in healthcare access and stigma compound the vulnerability of PLWH, emphasizing the need for integrated approaches.

Source: Viruses

DOI: 10.3390/v17121558

Authors: Rita Cordeiro, João Caria, Daniel Sobral, Diana Póvoas

Institutions: University of Lisbon, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Unidade Local de Saúde da Arrábida, Hospital Curry Cabral, Gulbenkian Institute for Molecular Medicine

Language: English

Topic: Poxvirus research and outbreaks

Subfield: Virology

Field: Immunology and Microbiology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,137