Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The γ-rhythm plays a key role in coordinating the activity of the major brain systems and facilitating higher-level neurological processes. Several pathological conditions are associated with impaired generation or regulation of γ-oscillations. Modulating the γ-rhythm using periodic signals is considered a potential way to halt and/or treat such neurodegenerative processes. Despite the extensive knowledge gained in this field over the last 70 years, a unified theory linking the effectiveness of γ-stimulation to the characteristics of the stimulus and the stimulated remains elusive. In this review, we conducted a quantitative analysis of these relationships. The γ-stimulation effectiveness depends on species, age, frequency, and stimulus type. Here, we found with our analysis that experiments using white light were more effective than red and infrared. The range of effective central frequencies depends on age. We also showed that AD patients and mouse models respond differently to γ-stimulation, so the careful selection of study subjects is essential when assessing therapeutic potential. This review also provides an overview of the mechanisms of γ-stimulation and makes recommendations for optimizing the method based on these mechanisms. Our findings may be useful to understanding -stimulation mechanisms, planning future experiments for research groups and identifying potential therapeutic γ-stimulation regimens.
Source: Biology
Institutions: N. I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Cell Biophysics, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences
Language: English
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,258
Award: G3281008941
OpenAlex ID: W4416858620