Mechanisms and Epidemiology of Drug Hypersensitivity: From Neutrophil Activation to ER Stress and Global Anaphylaxis Patterns
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: In this month's editorial, the Editors of the journal have selected three articles that represent major advances in drug allergy diagnostics, mucosal immunology, and global allergy epidemiology.The first article, "Assessment of Patients With Beta-Lactams Positive Provocation Tests by Biomarkers of IgG-Related Neutrophil Activation" [1], addresses the diagnostic challenges in beta-lactam allergy-a label that affects up to 10% of the population and leads to unnecessary avoidance, increased health care costs, and antimicrobial resistance [2][3][4].Traditional diagnostic tools, such as skin tests and sIgE assays, have demonstrated limited sensitivity (30.7% and 19.3% respectively) despite high specificity, as shown in a recent meta-analysis of over 31,000 patients [5].This article investigates novel biomarkers including neutrophil activation and NET formation in confirmed beta-lactam allergic individuals, comparing patients with immediate hypersensitivity to drug-provocation-test controls.Authors found that drug-specific IgG, rather than IgE, correlated with elevated neutrophil extracellular trap formation, DNAse activity, and neutrophil elastase-suggesting that non-IgE immune pathways may play a substantial role in certain allergic phenotypes.
Source: Clinical & Experimental Allergy
DOI: 10.1111/cea.70187
Authors: Mohamed H. Shamji, Robert J. Boyle
Language: English
Subfield: Pharmacology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W4416911292