GC(FID) and GC–MS Composition and Mosquito-Repellent Activity of the Leaf Essential Oil of Citrus limon L. (Rutaceae) from Côte d’Ivoire
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Objectives: This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) from the leaves of Citrus limon L. and to evaluate its repellent activity against Anopheles gambiae. Methods: The EO was obtained by hydrodistillation with a yield of 0.70% and analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC–FID) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Repellency tests, conducted according to the WHO standard protocol, involved the application of ointments at 5% and 10% on guinea pigs exposed to adult mosquitoes. Findings: The EO was obtained with a yield of 0.70%. A total of 22 constituents were identified, representing 93.45% of the oil, dominated by limonene (45.36%), monoterpenes (87.23 %), and a smaller fraction of sesquiterpenes (3.67%). At 10%, it offers a Complete Protection Time (CPT = 100 %) of 4 hours compared to 3 hours 30 minutes for the natural reference substance (C. citratus) against adult female Anopheles mosquitoes (14 days). Novelty: Considering its extractive value and long-lasting repellent properties (100 % for 4 hours and 98.12 % for 7 hours), Citrus limon L. should be recommended for the development of natural, biodegradable, long-lasting alternative repellents for skin application. Keywords: Citrus limon L., Essential oil, GC–MS, Limonene, Repellent activity, Anopheles gambiae
Authors: UFR Sciences et Technologies, Université de Man, BP 20 Man, Côte d’Ivoire, Sahi Zlankeuhon Jerome, Traore Lancine, Boua Boua Benson, Mamyrbekova-Bekro Janat Akhanovna, Bekro Yves-Alain
Institution: Université Nangui Abrogoua
Language: English
Subfield: Plant Science
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4416917428
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