Work

Evaluation of Weight Gain and Overall Survival of Men Versus Women With Advanced Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Weight stabilization or gain during cancer treatment is associated with increased survival. Analyses of weight gain by sex during cancer treatment and the effects of weight on survival have not been fully studied. This post hoc analysis retrospectively examined the relationship between sex, weight gain and overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving standard-of-care chemotherapy. METHODS: Data from the control arms of three randomized phase III clinical studies (NCT00596830, NCT00254891, NCT00254904) of adult patients with advanced NSCLC were pooled; patients received platinum-based doublet chemotherapy. Weight was recorded according to each study's schedule. Analyses compared weight gain categories from baseline up to 3 months after chemotherapy initiation (> 0% vs. ≤ 0%, > 2.5% vs. ≤ 2.5% and > 5% vs. ≤ 5%). Stepwise Cox proportional hazards modelling of OS (time from treatment initiation to death due to any cause) was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs); differences between groups were tested with log-rank tests. RESULTS: (4.8), respectively. Weight gain of > 0%, > 2.5% and > 5% was observed in 44.0%, 24.5% and 11.7% of the patients, respectively. Any weight gain (> 0% vs. ≤ 0%) was associated with a significantly reduced risk of death in both men (HR 0.62 [95% CI 0.522, 0.742]; p < 0.0001) and women (HR 0.68 [95% CI 0.512, 0.910]; p = 0.0092). Weight gain of > 2.5% vs. ≤ 2.5% was associated with a significantly reduced risk of death in men (HR 0.64; 95% CI 0.516, 0.784; p < 0.0001) and a risk reduction in women (HR 0.73; 95% CI 0.518, 1.034; p = 0.0767). Weight gain of > 5% vs. ≤ 5% was associated with a significantly reduced risk of death in men (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.503, 0.879; p = 0.0042), but not in women (HR 0.90; 95% CI 0.542, 1.509; p = 0.70). Despite these differences, the overall interaction of weight gain by sex was not significant (p = 0.61 for > 0% vs. ≤ 0%, p = 0.43 for > 2.5% vs. ≤ 2.5% and p = 0.37 for > 5% vs. ≤ 5%). CONCLUSIONS: Any weight gain during treatment of advanced NSCLC was associated with a significantly reduced risk of death, regardless of sex. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT00596830; NCT00254891; NCT00254904.

Source: Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle

DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.70131

Authors: Eric J. Roeland, Florian J. Fintelmann, Ruoyong Yang, Lisa Tarasenko, Philip D. Bonomi

Institutions: Oregon Health & Science University, OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Pfizer (United States), Rush University Medical Center

Language: English

Topic: Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $5,400