Comparison of clinical outcomes of oseltamivir vs baloxavir in outpatients with influenza: A retrospective cohort analysis
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: BACKGROUND: We compared all-cause mortality, all-cause hospitalization, and emergency department (ED) visit rates among 73,899 influenza outpatients treated with oseltamivir and 1592 patients treated with baloxavir. METHODS: Data were drawn from the TriNetX US Collaborative Network, which comprises 69 healthcare organizations and includes patients recorded between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2023. Subsequently, 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was applied between the two groups in order to further control for baseline differences and potential confounders. RESULTS: The patients treated with baloxavir displayed significantly lower rates of 1-, 3-, and 6-month hospitalization (1.6%, 3.7%, 5.3% vs 0.6%, 0.6% 0.8%) and 1-, 3-, and 6-month ED visits (1.8%, 4.4%, 7.2 vs 1.5%, 3.5% 5.0%) vs those treated with oseltamivir. The all-cause hospitalization was 5.3% for oseltamivir users and 0.8% for baloxavir users (HR 6.49; 95% CI, 3.55-11.90), emergency department visits were 7.2% vs 5.0% (HR 1.34; 95% CI, 1.01-1.78), and mortality was 0.6% for both groups (HR 0.96; 95% CI, 0.14-6.78). CONCLUSIONS: The outpatients with treatment of baloxavir have lower hospitalization rates and emergency department visits. Mortality rates were nearly identical between groups, showing no significant difference.
Authors: Chien-Hsien Huang, Meng-Ting Chen, Ming-Hsien Tsai
Language: English
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,900
OpenAlex ID: W4416972013