Dark matter in the scale-invariant 3-3-1-1 model
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: We propose a novel scale-invariant model with the 3-3-1-1 gauge symmetry featuring a universal seesaw mechanism for all fermion masses, which, through the inclusion of additional vectorlike quarks, provides a partial explanation for the observed fermion mass hierarchies. A discrete remnant of the gauge group, the matter parity ( P M ), stabilizes a fermionic dark matter candidate, and the scalar sector includes two triplets (minimal for 3 − 3 − 1 breaking) and two scalar singlets. We identify the lightest P M -odd fermion, f d , as a viable dark matter candidate. Our analysis shows that f d satisfies the observed relic density constraint within the mass range 220 GeV ≲ m f d ≲ 555 GeV , primarily due to resonant annihilation via the new scalar H 2 . While this mass range depends on the symmetry-breaking scale v χ , which has a lower bound of v χ ≳ 3.6 TeV from LEP constraints on the ρ 0 parameter, we adopt a more conservative lower bound of v χ > 10 TeV . This choice is made to ensure that the Z ′ boson mass remains above approximately 4 TeV, and is motivated by recent LHC results and future projections for Z ′ boson searches, which provide more stringent constraints than previous bounds or those from the ρ 0 parameter. Spin-independent (SI) interactions dominate the direct detection phenomenology of f d . We calculate the SI elastic scattering cross section and find that parameter points satisfying the relic density constraint are consistent with current experimental limits from LZ and PandaX-4T for certain parameter choices, particularly depending on the α 12 angle. Some regions of the viable parameter space lie below the neutrino floor. Prospects for detection by future experiments like XLZD and PandaX-xT are also presented and discussed.
DOI: 10.1103/b7wy-r6kg
Language: English
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Awards: G1249264993, CERN Science Consortium of Estonia, ESA Science Consortium of Estonia, Energy production in a sphaleron reactor, Untangling the Flavor: revealing the New Physics behind the Flavor Puzzle, G4473005422, G4709097365, European Organisation for Nuclear Research, G7208471210, European Space Agency, Multi-Messenger Probes of Dark Matter
OpenAlex ID: W4417016814