Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) represent a promising class of carbon nanomaterials bridging the gap between graphite and monolayer graphene. Their unique combination of high electrical conductivity, large specific surface area, mechanical strength, and chemical stability makes them attractive for advanced energy storage applications. This review summarizes recent developments in the synthesis, functionalization, characterization, and application of GNPs in supercapacitors, batteries, and hybrid systems. The influence of key structural parameters—such as flake thickness, lateral size, surface chemistry, and defect density—on electrochemical performance is discussed, highlighting structure–property correlations. Particular emphasis is placed on scalable production methods, including mechanical, liquid-phase, and electrochemical exfoliation, as well as edge functionalization and heteroatom doping strategies. Comparative analyses show that GNP-based electrodes can significantly improve specific capacitance, conductivity, and cycling stability, especially when used in composites with polymers or metal oxides. The review also addresses current challenges related to aggregation, dispersion, standardization, and environmental impact. Finally, prospects for the development of sustainable, low-emission GNP production and its integration into next-generation energy storage systems are outlined.
Source: Energies
DOI: 10.3390/en18236326
Authors: Aleksandra Tatara, Ewa Klugmann-Radziemska
Institution: Gdańsk University of Technology
Language: English
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,137
OpenAlex ID: W4417049829