Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study proposes a dynamic braking force distribution strategy based on a PID algorithm for Formula Student electric racing cars, addressing the limitations of fixed-ratio distribution methods in adapting to dynamic braking conditions. The strategy utilizes a PID controller targeting the desired slip ratio to dynamically adjust the braking force distribution coefficient (β) between the front and rear axles. The proposed method was validated through co-simulation using CarSim and Simulink, as well as real vehicle testing. Simulation results show a 7.7% reduction in braking distance under emergency braking at 100 km/h with the PID control strategy, while real vehicle testing confirmed a braking distance of 30 m, with a 5.6% deviation from the simulation. Additionally, both yaw and roll angles were significantly reduced, improving vehicle stability during braking. Experimental data confirmed that the system dynamically maintains an optimal pressure difference of approximately 1.6 MPa between the front and rear axles, effectively preventing rear wheel lock-up and ensuring stable braking performance. The research demonstrates that this PID-based brake-by-wire distribution strategy significantly enhances both braking efficiency and driving stability, providing valuable insights for the development of high-performance electric vehicles.
Source: World Electric Vehicle Journal
DOI: 10.3390/wevj16120653
Authors: Jigang Liu, Yingfeng Hua, Zhicheng Zhou, Yushuo Pan
Institution: Yancheng Institute of Technology
Language: English
Subfield: Automotive Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,689
Funder: Yancheng Institute of Technology
OpenAlex ID: W4417050906