Diagnostic Efficacy of Serum PDCD4 and HSP70 Levels for Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Cervical Cancer
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic value of serum programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) levels in detecting lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with early-stage cervical cancer (International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] stages I to IIA). STUDY DESIGN: A comparative study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Gynaecology, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Xinjiang, China, from January 2021 to December 2023. METHODOLOGY: One hundred and thirty-two early-stage cervical cancer patients were divided into two subgroups: the LNM subgroup (25 cases) and the Non-LNM subgroup (107 cases). Additionally, 60 healthy women were included as the Control group. Serum PDCD4 and HSP70 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify risk factors for LNM. RESULTS: Serum PDCD4 levels were significantly lower in the Cervical cancer group compared to the Control group (1.31 ng/mL vs. 3.27 ng/Ml; p <0.001), and HSP70 levels were significantly higher (85.20 ± 14.88 ng/mL vs. 39.22 ± 10.03 ng/Ml; p <0.001). The incidence of LNM among the 132 early-stage cervical cancer cases was 18.94% (25/132). The LNM subgroup exhibited lower serum PDCD4 levels (1.31 ng/mL, IQR 0.59-2.14) and higher HSP70 levels (85.20 ± 14.88 ng/mL) compared to the Non-LNM subgroup (PDCD4: 3.27 ng/mL, IQR 1.78-5.37; HSP70: 39.22 ± 10.03 ng/mL; both p <0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis identified advanced stromal infiltration depth (≥1/2 cervical muscle wall, OR 4.288, 95% CI: 1.155-15.922) and elevated serum HSP70 levels (OR 1.093, 95% CI 1.031-1.158) as independent risk factors for LNM, while elevated serum PDCD4 levels were found to be an independent protective factor (OR 0.245, 95% CI: 0.091-0.656). The combined detection of serum PDCD4 and HSP70 demonstrated a sensitivity of 88.00%, specificity of 84.11%, and a Youden index of 0.721 (AUC 0.926, 95% CI: 0.867-0.964). CONCLUSION: Reduced serum PDCD4 levels and elevated HSP70 levels were significantly correlated with LNM in early-stage cervical cancer. The combination of serum PDCD4 and HSP70 levels demonstrated high diagnostic efficacy for LNM in early- stage cervical cancer. KEY WORDS: Early-stage cervical cancer, Programmed cell death protein 4, Heat shock protein 70, Lymph node metastasis, Diagnostic efficiency.
Authors: Xiaohua Zhao, Jing Zhang, Yan Xia, Shuang Liu, Weiyan Li
Language: English
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4417091376
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