Work

The Role of Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer Pathogenesis: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a significant global health burden, ranking as the third most frequently diagnosed malignancy worldwide. Emerging evidence has established a compelling association between gut microbiota dysbiosis and CRC pathogenesis, revealing complex mechanisms through which specific bacterial communities modulate carcinogenesis. This comprehensive review synthesizes current knowledge on the mechanistic contributions of gut microbiota to CRC development, with particular emphasis on key pathogenic bacteria including Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis, and Escherichia coli. We examine the molecular pathways through which these microorganisms promote tumorigenesis, including chronic inflammation induction, immune response modulation, metabolic reprogramming, and direct genotoxic effects. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic implications of microbiota-targeted interventions and the potential utility of microbial biomarkers for early CRC detection. Understanding the intricate host–microbiota interactions in CRC pathogenesis may facilitate the development of novel preventive strategies and therapeutic approaches for this devastating disease.

Source: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

DOI: 10.3390/ijms262411870

Authors: Dan Nicolae Paduraru, Alexandru Cosmin Palcau, Valeriu Gabi Dinca, Diana Mihaela Ciuc, Alexandru Constantinescu

Institutions: Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest Emergency University Hospital

Language: English

Topic: Gut microbiota and health

Subfield: Molecular Biology

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,499