Work

Engineered bacteria and bacteria-derived nanomaterials for cancer therapy: Mechanisms, designs and advances

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: ), for precision oncotherapy. In addition to whole-cell therapies, we introduce bacterial derivatives such as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and membrane-coated nanoparticles as complementary approaches. Finally, we discuss key translational challenges in bacteria-based cancer therapies, including strain optimization, immune-related adverse effects, and manufacturing scalability. This review consolidates current advances in bacterial cancer therapy, offering a design framework to optimize microbial therapeutics. By bridging engineering principles with clinical needs, it provides actionable insights for developing safer, more effective living medicines against cancers.

Source: Bioactive Materials

DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.09.012