Work

Análise espaço-temporal da dupla carga de má nutrição em crianças do semiárido brasileiro

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the temporal trend of the double burden of malnutrition in the Brazilian semi-arid and non-semi-arid regions, and to assess its spatial distribution in the Brazilian semi-arid region among children aged 5 to 9 years, between 2008 and 2022. METHODS: Ecological time-series study based on public reports, using macrodata of body mass index-for-age and height-for-age from the Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN - Brazilian Food and Nutritional Surveillance System). For temporal analysis of the prevalence of wasting, overweight, stunting, undernutrition, and the double burden of malnutrition in the semi-arid and non-semi-arid regions, Prais-Winsten regression models were used to estimate the annual percentage change (APC%) between 2008 and 2022. To evaluate spatial distribution in the Brazilian semi-arid region, maps showing the temporal evolution of the prevalence of overweight, undernutrition, and the double burden of malnutrition were constructed. RESULTS: Between 2008 and 2022, 48.7 million children aged 5 to 9 years were registered in SISVAN-Web for body mass index-for-age and height-for-age indices. Approximately 28.1% of these lived in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition in the semi-arid region exceeded 20%, with an increasing trend among children aged 7 to 9 years (APC = 0.61%; p < 0.05). Overweight showed a rising trend, while undernutrition decreased across all strata except among the Indigenous population, which remained stable (APC = -1.12%; p > 0.05). APCs in the semi-arid region were higher than in the non-semi-arid region. CONCLUSION: The study highlights a high prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition in the Brazilian semi-arid region, especially among children aged 7 to 9 years. Therefore, it is crucial to promote health actions and malnutrition prevention, strengthening existing policies and prioritizing the most vulnerable populations.

Source: Revista de Saúde Pública

DOI: 10.11606/s15188787.2025059006605

Authors: Maisa Póvoa de Oliveira, Cíntia Pereira Donateli, Daniela Mayumi Usuda Prado Rocha, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff

Institution: Universidade Federal de Viçosa

Language: English

Topic: Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet

Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDGs: Good health and well-being, Zero hunger, Reduced inequalities

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,200