Work

Deep Thermalization and Measurements of Quantum Resources

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Quantum resource theories provide a unified framework for characterizing useful quantum phenomena subject to physical constraints, but are notoriously hard to assess in experimental systems. In this Letter, we introduce a unified protocol for quantifying the resource-generating power of arbitrary quantum evolutions applicable to multiple resource theories. It is based on deep thermalization, which has recently gained attention for its role in the emergence of quantum state designs from partial projective measurements. Central to our approach is the use of projected ensembles, recently employed to probe deep thermalization, together with new twirling identities that allow us to directly infer the resource-generating powers of the underlying dynamics. These identities further reveal how resources build up and thermalize in generic quantum circuits. Finally, we show that quantum resources themselves undergo deep thermalization at the subsystem level, offering a complementary and another experimentally accessible route to infer the resource-generating powers. Our Letter connects deep thermalization to resource quantification, offering a new perspective on the essential role of various resources in generating state designs and on efficient estimation of quantum resources in experiment.

Source: Physical Review Letters

DOI: 10.1103/91hd-8k7g

Authors: Naga Dileep Varikuti, Soumik Bandyopadhyay, Philipp Hauke

Institutions: Institut National d'Optique, University of Trento, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics And Applications, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram

Language: English

Topic: Quantum Information and Cryptography

Subfield: Artificial Intelligence

Field: Computer Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $3,750