Work

Entropy measures based on Nirmala coindices for silicon carbide molecular graphs

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: In this paper, we calculate and investigate the Nirmala coindex, first inverse Nirmala coindex and second inverse Nirmala coindex for the silicon carbide molecular network [Formula: see text]-I[p; q] by using its corresponding CoM-polynomial. Furthermore, new entropy measures based on these coindices are proposed to quantify the topological complexity of the network. The results reveal consistent correlations between network parameters (p, q) and entropy growth, reflecting increased structural irregularity and information content with molecular size. These findings suggest that Nirmala coindex-based entropies can serve as valuable descriptors for assessing physicochemical properties such as hardness, electrical conductivity, and catalytic activity in silicon-carbon materials.

Source: Scientific Reports

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-31388-1

Authors: Muhammad Numan, Sadia Aabid, Sohail Ahmad, Ahmed M. Zidan, Ahmed A. Hamoud

Institutions: COMSATS University Islamabad, King Khalid University, Taiz University

Language: English

Topic: Graph theory and applications

Subfield: Geometry and Topology

Field: Mathematics

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,690

OpenAlex ID: W4417303214