Efficient extraction of bioactive compounds from Momordica charantia L. fruits using ultrasound-assisted extraction and response surface methodology optimization
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions to maximize bioactive compounds from Momordica charantia L. (Okinawan bitter melon) fruit using response surface methodology (RSM). A three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design assessed the effects of amplitude intensity, duty cycle, and extraction time on extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP assays), alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and charantin content. Amplitude intensity had the greatest impact, followed by duty cycle and extraction time. The optimal conditions were 100% amplitude, 0.83 s−1 duty cycle, and 13.20 min extraction time, yielding 35.80% extract, 119.08 mg GAE/100 g extract TPC, IC50 of DPPH at 847.91 µg/mL, FRAP value of 148.76 mg AAE/g extract, alpha-glucosidase inhibition of 41.60 mg acarbose/g extract, and charantin content of 5.83 mg/g extract. Experimental values closely matched predictions, confirming model validity. This optimized UAE method provides an efficient approach for extracting bioactive compounds from M. charantia L., ensuring high yield and biological activity. The findings offer valuable insights for industrial-scale extraction and potential applications in functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals.
Source: Ultrasonics Sonochemistry
Authors: Juthaporn Ponphaiboon, Wantanwa Krongrawa, Sontaya Limmatvapirat, Chutima Limmatvapirat
Institution: Silpakorn University
Language: English
Subfield: Biochemistry
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,710
Funder: Silpakorn University
OpenAlex ID: W4417362274