Work

Topology meets superconductivity in a one-dimensional t-J model of magnetic atoms

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Strongly interacting fermions represent the key constituent of several intriguing phases of matter. However, due to the inherent complexity of these systems, important regimes are still inaccessible. Here, we derive a realistic and flexible setup based on ultracold magnetic lanthanide atoms trapped in a one-dimensional optical lattice. Leveraging their large magnetic moments, we design a fermionic t-J model with independently tunable hopping, spin-spin couplings, and onsite interaction. Through combined analytical and numerical analysis, we uncover a variety of many-body quantum phases-including superconducting and topological states. Crucially, in the regime of attractive onsite interaction, we reveal that topology and superconductivity coexist, thus giving rise to an exotic state of matter: a topological triplet superconductor. We also outline a practical protocol to prepare and detect all discovered phases using current experimental techniques. Our results establish an alternative and powerful route for a deeper understanding of strongly interacting fermionic quantum matter.

Source: Nature Communications

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-71248-8

Authors: Leonardo Bellinato Giacomelli, Thomas Bland, Louis Lafforgue, Francesca Ferlaino, Manfred J. Mark, Luca Barbiero