Work

Context-Specific Diversity of Antimicrobial Functions of Interferon-Stimulated Genes

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) were initially discovered for their role in antiviral functions. However, recent studies show evidence of a diverse and context-specific regulatory function of these genes in antiviral and antibacterial protection. The molecular mechanisms of such activities vary depending on the pathogen, cell type, isoform, and species. In this review, we summarize the context-specific functions of several prominent and well-known ISG families, including OAS, IFITs, ISG15, viperin, ADAR1, and Mx proteins. We provide examples of distinct enzymatic or regulatory mechanisms that are employed by these ISGs to carry out their diverse functions, including nucleic acid sensing, RNA degradation, translation inhibition, membrane remodeling, etc.

Source: Viruses

DOI: 10.3390/v17121635

Authors: Munesh K. Harioudh, Saumendra N. Sarkar

Institutions: University of Maryland, Baltimore, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center

Language: English

Topic: interferon and immune responses

Subfield: Immunology

Field: Immunology and Microbiology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,137