Work

Global patterns and trends in brain and central nervous system tumor incidence by histological subtype in 185 countries in 2022: a population-based study

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors pose a major global health challenge. However, the distribution of histological subtypes remains limited. To quantify the global, regional, and national incidence of brain and CNS tumors by histological subtype in 2022 and to analyze variations across age groups and human development (HDI) levels. METHODS: Data from GLOBOCAN and Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5) Volume X-XII were extracted. Nine histological subtypes of brain and CNS tumors were identified. The number of incident cases and age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) for each histological subtype, stratified by age group (0-19 years vs. ≥ 20 years) and HDI levels, and ASIR were calculated using the world standard population. Trends in brain and CNS tumors incidence by histological subtypes from 2003 to 2017 were assessed using Joinpoint regression. FINDINGS: In 2022, an estimated 321,370 new cases of brain and CNS tumors were diagnosed globally (ASIR: 34.6 per million population). Astrocytic tumors accounted for the largest proportion (173,763 cases; ASIR: 18.5), followed by meningeal tumors (43,796 cases; ASIR: 4.6), gliomas of uncertain origin (43,094 cases; ASIR: 4.7), and oligodendroglia/mixed gliomas (22,673 cases; ASIR: 2.4). Age-specific distributions revealed astrocytic tumors predominant in both children/adolescents (37.4%) and adults (55.9%), whereas medulloblastoma was the most common subtype in children/adolescents (17.4%) and meningeal tumors in adults (14.6%). Considerablevariations in subtype proportions and ASIR were observed across countries and in HDI levels. Temporal trends of brain and CNS tumors ASIR varied considerably among sex, regions and histology types. INTERPRETATION: Astrocytic tumors were the most prevalent histological subtype of brain and CNS tumors in 2022. These findings enhance our understanding of the epidemiology of brain tumors and underscore the need for tailored prevention and resource allocation strategies at national levels.

Source: International Journal of Surgery

DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000004417

Authors: Shaoyuan Lei, Chao Li, Jiajia Wang, Rongshou Zheng

Institutions: Capital Medical University, Xuan Wu Hospital of the Capital Medical University, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Hospital

Language: English

Topic: Global Cancer Incidence and Screening

Subfield: Oncology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $3,450