Work

Nanozyme-armored natural enzymes for acute kidney injury management via inflammation regulation and oxidative damage mitigation

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major global disease with a complex pathogenesis and a lack of safe and effective radical treatments. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation are key drivers of AKI, making antioxidant and anti_inflammatory strategies promising. This study designed a stable nanozyme to simultaneously scavenge ROS and control inflammation. Methods Using a biomimetic mineralization approach, catalase (CAT) was immobilized on manganese_based metal sulfide to construct the CAT@MnS nanozyme. In vitro experiments were conducted to assess its antioxidant activity and protective effect on HEK293 cells. In vivo , cisplatin_ and rhabdomyolysis_induced AKI mouse models were used to evaluate renal targeting, ROS_scavenging capacity, and anti_inflammatory efficacy. Results In vitro , CAT@MnS effectively scavenged ROS and protected HEK293 cells from oxidative stress. In vivo , it accumulated in kidneys, reduced renal ROS, lowered inflammatory cytokine levels, and alleviated kidney damage in both AKI models. Discussion This study successfully developed a CAT@MnS nanozyme that integrates ROS scavenging with inflammation regulation. The biomimetic mineralization strategy enhanced the stability and therapeutic synergy of the system. The nanozyme offers a new approach for the synergistic treatment of AKI and shows promising potential for translational application.

Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology

DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1686323