Effect of teacher encouragement during deep learning on attention and volleyball techniques among students at high school physical education
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Clinical Trial
Abstract: Background: Teacher Encouragement during Deep Learning (TEDL) based on literature has a positive impact, but it is not yet clear how it affects attention and volleyball technique among students. Objectives: Therefore, the current study aims to analyze the effects of TEDL on improving attention and volleyball techniques among students in physical education (PE) classes. Methods: An experimental method with a pretest-posttest design was adopted in this study. Forty participants were involved, representing students from several high schools in Sukabumi (Indonesia). They were recruited using inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to the TEDL group (n = 20) and the control group (CG) (n = 20). Assessment of attention and basic volleyball techniques was measured at the pretest and posttest stages. Finding/Results: The results of our study show that there are significant main effects of teaching (p < 0.05), time (p < 0.05) and interaction (p < 0.05) on attention and volleyball techniques. Conclusion: We firmly conclude that TEDL can be an alternative teaching model to replace traditional learning in improving attention and volleyball techniques among students. Future research is expected to design TEDL programs for other teaching materials such as basketball, soccer, futsal, swimming, hockey, or badminton.
Source: Edu Sportivo/Edu Sportivo
Authors: Bachtiar Lau, Ade Tuti Lestari, Titis Nurina, Ahmad Adil, Edi Setiawan
Field: Health Professions
Domain: Health Sciences
SDG: Quality education
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4417515616