Single-shot design of a cyclic peptide inhibitor of HIV membrane fusion
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: HIV evades immune detection through rapid mutation of its surface proteins, yet essential steps in viral entry, such as CD4 and co-receptor engagement, remain highly conserved. While therapies like Lenacapavir represent major advances, the emergence of resistant strains highlights the urgent need for adaptable, rapid-response antivirals. This challenge extends beyond HIV, demanding scalable design strategies for diverse viral threats. Here, we demonstrate that AI-driven design can address this need by generating cyclic peptide binders targeting a previously unexploited interface on the HIV-1 fusion protein gp41. Using only sequence information, without prior structural or binding site data, we designed and experimentally validated a single candidate. This inhibitor potently blocked infection by two HIV-1 strains in cell-based assays with no detectable cytotoxicity. Affinity analysis with SPR confirms the interaction with gp41 as designed. Our findings illustrate how AI-guided peptide design, coupled with rapid in-vitro validation, can accelerate early-stage therapeutic discovery and enable timely intervention against emerging viral threats. • First cyclic peptide inhibitor designed de novo against HIV-1 gp41 • Potent inhibition of two HIV-1 strains with no detectable cytotoxicity • Single design round achieved without structural or binding site data • Direct gp41 binding confirmed by surface plasmon resonance • Demonstrates a new antiviral strategy for targeting fusion intermediates
Source: Antiviral Research
Language: English
Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,160
OpenAlex ID: W4417520382