Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and frailty criteria in an old population with metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional analysis
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: Frailty has emerged as a key indicator of biological aging. This study aimed to assess the relationship between MedDiet adherence and frailty prevalence in the context of metabolic syndrome (MetS). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. Baseline data from PREDIMED-Plus trial SETTING: Primary care health, 23 recruitment sites (2013-2016). PARTICIPANTS: A total of 6874 participants with overweight/obesity and ≥3 MetS components. MEASUREMENTS: Adherence to the MedDiet: 17-item MedDiet score. Frailty and prefrailty (3 or 1-2 criteria): modified Fried Frailty Index (FFI), considering exhaustion, physical activity and functional capacity. Main independent variable was analysed: as a continuous variable (range: 0-17); in quartiles of adherence using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS: Prefrailty and frailty prevalence were 49.7% and 2.9%, respectively. Compared to those with the lowest MedDiet adherence (0-6), participants with the highest adherence (11-17) had significantly lower odds of meeting frailty criteria. Fully adjusted models showed ORs of 0.479 (p = 0.097) for frailty, 0.705 (p = 0.001) for prefrailty, and 0.694 (p = 0.001) for frailty or prefrailty in participants with higher/greater MedDiet adherence. Each 1-point increase in the 17-item score was associated with an OR ranging from 0.878 to 0.977 (p < 0.05 for all comparisons, except functional capacity: p = 0.100). When adherence was dichotomized, the adjusted ORs ranged from 0.406 to 0.834 (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). CONCLUSIONS: Higher adherence to MedDiet was associated with a lower prevalence of frailty and prefrailty in older adults with overweight/obesity and MetS, reinforcing its potential role in promoting healthy aging despite cardiometabolic comorbidities.
Authors: Macarena Torrego-Ellacuría, Federico Cuesta-Triana, María Ortiz-Ramos, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Dolores Corella, Héctor Vázquez-Lorente, Montserrat Fitó, José Alfredo Martínez, Lucas Tojal-Sierra, Julia Wärnberg, Jesús Vioque, Dora Romaguera, José López-Miranda, Ramon Estruch, Francisco J Tinahones, José Manuel Santos-Lozano, J. Luís Serra-Majem, Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas, Josep A. Tur, Juan Carlos Romero Vigara, Xavier Pintó, José J Gaforio, Josep Vidal, Sebastián Mas-Fontao, Lidia Daimiel, Gemma Chiva-Blanch, Javier Basterra-Gortari, Liliana Gutierrez, José V. Sorlí, Elisa Minguella Muñoz, Antonio García-Rios, Andrea Bernabé Casanova, Enrique Gómez-Gracia, Maria Angeles Zulet, Mar Nafría, Rosa Casas, Eva María Garrido-Garrido, Leire Goicolea-Güemez, Ana M Gómez-Pérez, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Isabel Megias, Carmen Valero-Barceló, Marina Montenegro Calvo, Patricia J. Peña-Orihuela, Cristina Tercero Maciá, Cristina Razquín, Nancy Babio, Adriana Sala de Vedruna, Ana Barabash, Pilar Matía-Martín
Institutions: Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Navarre Institute of Health Research, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Universidad de Navarra, Universitat de València, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Catalunya Sud, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Hospital Del Mar, Municipal Institute for Medical Research, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, IMDEA Food, University of the Basque Country, Hospital Universitario Araba, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Universidad de Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Universidad de León, Bellvitge University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge, Universidad de Jaén, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Institut Català de la Salut, Andalusian Health Service
Language: English
Topic: Nutritional Studies and Diet
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,450
Funders: Fundación SEEN, Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras, Generalitat Valenciana, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Consejería de Salud y Familias, Junta de Andalucía, Junta de Andalucía, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, European Research Council, Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Regional Development Fund, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, NextGenerationEU
Awards: G103709314, G1113503999, G1117758273, G1454612176, G1454926127, G1467763451, G1523448718, G1979843757, G1995910868, G2099522283, G2112806441, G2253984144, G2446475937, G2460268752, G2797520734, G2998898069, G3008889546, G3112360373, G3113956371, G3261168694, G3845464644, G4019470342, G4146373456, G4249122574, G4497211085, G4547114284, G4647567350, G4706226233, G4721356481, G5020993016, G507383055, G5085273872, G5188844167, G5300178539, G5338013552, G5483964703, G5978131061, G6032244386, G603262213, G6127890710, G6353703441, G6386773067, G6491641282, G6722443107, G6730108257, G6744420142, G6768395742, G6801418685, G685580432, G6902587947, G6933774044, G7070804947, G7162709665, G7216001737, G7327544411, G7373540289, G7376663786, G7761133213, G7785433651, G7793027492, G787942307, G792791549, G8032860944, G8171233546, G831563074, G833365288, G8379718705, G8554236099, G8722415115, G8796694320, G9000212679
OpenAlex ID: W4417524558