Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To synthesize recent advances in developmental biology, mechanobiology, metabolism, and tissue engineering as they relate to cartilage biology and osteoarthritis (OA). DESIGN: Narrative review integrating peer-reviewed studies covering chondrocyte ontogeny, mechanical and metabolic regulation, disease pathogenesis, and regenerative strategies. RESULTS: progenitors persist postnatally and contribute to cartilage and bone repair. Mechanotransductive signaling through TRPV4 and PIEZO1 ion channels, together with cytoskeletal regulators, orchestrate cartilage matrix remodeling and inflammation. Metabolic rewiring driven by TGF-β, HIF1α, and fatty acid oxidation programs is critical for joint development and OA pathology. Sex-linked lipidomic signatures and enhancer reprogramming shape disease risk and response. Engineered tissues using nasal chondrocytes and transcriptional enhancers offer repair potential. CONCLUSIONS: OA arises from disruption of conserved developmental, metabolic, and mechanical programs. Targeted interventions restoring transcriptional fidelity, metabolic balance, and tissue mechanics offer translational promise.
Source: Osteoarthritis and Cartilage
Authors: Fatma Scerif, Suzanne E. Eldridge
Language: English
Subfield: Rheumatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,700
Awards: G1054890948, G1981507061, G7864586182
OpenAlex ID: W4417535069