Work

Steady state of periodically driven quantum systems

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Periodic driving is used to steer physical systems to unique stationary states or nonequilibrium steady states (NESS), producing enhanced properties inaccessible to nondriven systems. For open quantum systems, characterizing the NESS is challenging and existing results are generally limited to specific types of driving and the Born-Markov approximation. Here, we go beyond these limits by studying a generic periodically driven N -level quantum system interacting with a low-density thermal gas. Exploiting the framework of Floquet scattering theory, we establish general Floquet thermalization conditions constraining the nature of the NESS and the transition rates. Moreover, we examine theoretically the structure of the NESS in the high-temperature limit and find out that the NESS complies, rather surprisingly, with a uniform probability distribution (predicted by the Boltzmann law) for any driving. Numerical calculations illustrate our theoretical elaborations for a simple toy model.

Source: Physical Review Research

DOI: 10.1103/hsxc-4tgz

Authors: Milan Šindelka, David Gelbwaser-Klimovsky

Institutions: Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology

Language: English

Topic: Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics

Subfield: Statistical and Nonlinear Physics

Field: Physics and Astronomy

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,625

Funder: Israel Science Foundation