Prediction of human drug clearance using a single-species, fixed-exponent allometric approach
Year: 2009
Type: article
Abstract: Background: Human pharmacokinetics can be predicted from animal data using the principle of allometry, which as-sumes a mathematical power-law relationship between pharmacokinetic parameters and body weights of animal species. The objective of the present study was to investigate the feasibility of extrapolating human drug clearance (CL) from a single animal species using simple allometry with a fi xed body-weight exponent. Methods: CL values from rat, monkey, dog and human for 109 compounds were obtained from the literature. A normalization procedure based on the concept of a characteristic CL value was fi rst introduced to homogenize and pool the CL data for a regression analysis. The al-lometric exponent from the regression analysis was then used as the exponent for CL extrapolation. The prediction per-formance of the proposed method was compared with methods that incorporate liver blood fl ow (LBF) or maximum life-span potential (MLP). Results: An allometric exponent of 0.67 (95 % CI, 0.64 to 0.71) adequately described the pooled CL data. A fi xed value of 0.67 as the body-weight scaling exponent and monkey CL provided the best estimate of human CL, followed by rat and dog. CL prediction by the LBF approach was comparable to that of the fi xed-exponent method. The MLP approach systematically underestimated the human CL. Conclusions: It is feasible to predict human drug CL from CL measured in a single animal species using simple allometry with a fi xed body-weight exponent of 0.67. While monkey provides the best estimate of human CL, rat, but not dog, offers an acceptable prediction when monkey data are
Authors: Teh‐Min Hu, Shih Jiuan Chiu
Institution: National Defense Medical Center
Language: Indonesian
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
OpenAlex ID: W57572632