Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Understanding spatial and temporal order in many-body systems is a key challenge, particularly in out-of-equilibrium settings. A major hurdle is developing controlled model systems to study these phases. We propose an experiment with a driven quantum gas coupled to a dissipative optical cavity, realizing a non-equilibrium phase diagram featuring both spatial and temporal order. The system’s control parameter is the detuning between the drive frequency and cavity resonance. Negative detunings yield a spatially ordered phase, while positive detunings produce phases with both spatial order and persistent oscillations, forming dissipative spatio-temporal lattices. We also identify a phase where the dynamics dephase, leading to chaotic behavior. Numerical and analytical evidence supports these superradiant phases, showing that the spatio-temporal lattice originates from cavity dissipation. The atoms experience accelerated transport, either via uniform acceleration or abrupt momentum transitions. Our work provides insights into temporal phases of matter not possible at equilibrium.
Language: English
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: Villum Fonden, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, QuantERA, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation, National Center of Competence in Research Quantum Science and Technology
Awards: G1230266125, Non-equilibrium dynamics in Atomic systems for QUAntum Simulation, G2364852334, Cavity-assisted pattern recognition, UK Quantum Technology Hub: NQIT - Networked Quantum Information Technologies, EXC 2056: CUI: Advanced Imaging of Matter, QSUM: Quantum Science with Ultracold Molecules, Designing Out-of-Equilibrium Many-Body Quantum Systems, Quantum Many-Body Dynamics of Matter and Light in Cavity QED, G5631081224, G5799080983, Transport, metastability, and neuromorphic applications in quantum networks, Ultra high capacity FDM optical local area network, Driven-dissipative many-body systems of ultracold atoms, G7749485156, Interplay between Topology, Interactions and Dissipation in Driven Quantum Many-Body Systems
OpenAlex ID: W6891437563
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