Work

Mutually Singular implicit functions

Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: A continuously differentiable (or smooth or in ๐ถ โ€ฒ (๐‘‹1 )) function ๐œ‹1from an open set ๐›ค which is a subset of a linear space X1 of dimension 2n into a linear space X2 of dimension n has an inverse onto a subspace upto equal dimension. If (s, t) is in ๐›ค where ๐œ‹1 (๐‘ ,๐‘ก) = ๐ŸŽ, ๐œ‹1 โ€ฒ (๐‘ ,๐‘ก) = ๐‘€invertible at (s, t), then ๐œ‹1is invertible in the neighbourhood of (s, t) ๐œ–๐›ค. Upto bijection, the invertibility of a multi variate function ๐œ‹1is possible and for this ๐œ‹1 from X1 is mapped onto X2 so as to get invertible for the 1st n components of the 2n โ€“ tuple. In the present discussion, we focus on two multi variate functions ๐œ‹1 and ๐œ‹2 or linear mappings from X1 into X2 such that both are smooth in two open sets ๐›ค1 and ๐›ค2 subsets of ๐‘‹1 taking the 1st n โ€“ components of 2n โ€“ tuples in X1 onto ๐‘‹2 while ๐œ‹2 is from the open set ๐›ค2 of ๐‘‹1 taking the 2 nd set of n โ€“ components of 2n โ€“ tuples in X1 such that ๐œ‹1 โ€ฒ is invertible at (๐‘ 1,๐‘ก1 )๐œ–๐›ค1 and ๐œ‹2โ€ฒ is invertible at (๐‘ 2,๐‘ก2 )๐œ–๐›ค2 . The sum of derivative of the implicit functions is a continuously differentiable function gives ๐œŒ1โ€ฒ(๐‘ก) + ๐œŒ2โ€ฒ(๐‘ ) = - {๐‘€1๐œ‰ โˆ’1๐‘€1ฮฎ + ๐‘€2ฮฎ โˆ’1๐‘€2๐œ‰ } ...... 0.1 with ๐œŒ1 and ๐œŒ2 are the implicit functions, ๐‘€1 = ๐‘€1๐œ‰ + ๐‘€1ฮฎ and ๐‘€2 = ๐‘€2๐œ‰ + ๐‘€2ฮฎ in which ๐‘€1๐œ‰ and ๐‘€2ฮฎ are the invertible parts while ๐‘€1ฮฎ and ๐‘€2๐œ‰ are singular parts. Further, the null space of ๐œ‹1 is the range space of ๐œ‹2 and vice versa leading to ๐œ‹1 and ๐œ‹2 are mutually singular, denoted by ๐œ‹1โ”ด๐œ‹2 ......0.2 Key words: linear space, multi variate function or a vector valued function, nonsingular mapping, mutually singular mapping, invertible mapping, null space ๐œ—(๐œ‹), range space ๐›พ(๐œ‹), dimension of a linear space, span, rank and nullity of a linear transformation, contraction, upto invertibility, subset, open mapping.
Language: English
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W6893028848
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