A Multivariate Analysis of Variance Investigation of Student Outcomes in New York State Based on Student-to-School Counselor Ratios
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The authors of this study examined the differences in students’ four-year college enrollment, graduation rate, chronic absenteeism, and standardized test scores (i.e., ELA and Math) based on student-to-school counselor ratios (i.e., < 200 students per counselor; 200-300 students per counselor; > 300 students per counselor) across New York State (NYS) during the 2021-2022 school year. Archival data were collected from accessible data through the NYS Education Department. Multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) indicated significant differences between groups. Namely, our results revealed that 1.1% – 4.2% of the variance in student outcomes was explained by the student-to-school counselor ratio. We discussed implications for school counseling.
DOI: 10.7275/cspec.2302
Authors: Derron Hilts, Yanhong Liu, Xiuyan Guo
Institutions: Niagara University, Syracuse University
Language: English
Subfield: Social Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
SDG: Quality education
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W6902569454