Characterisation of bitumen grade and modification using a multilevel multivariate discriminant analysis approach and FTIR spectroscopy
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The complex nature of bitumen poses significant challenges in its characterisation. This study employed FTIR spectroscopy combined with Partial Least Squares Regression and Linear Discriminant Analysis algorithms (PLSR-LDA) to classify bitumen samples based on chemical composition. The dataset included samples from multiple manufacturers, with varying ageing levels and the incorporation of SBS and wax. The multilevel PLSR-LDA approach effectively differentiated bitumen grades, SBS modification levels and RAP binders by identifying key chemical markers. Unmodified bitumen samples were classified based on C-H bending and stretching in aliphatic compounds, as well as CH₂ rocking vibrations. In SBS-modified samples, distinctions were driven by variations in aromatic and aliphatic components linked to SBS and wax. For RAP binders, classification was governed by CH₂ rocking vibrations, oxidative ageing markers (sulphoxide, carbonyl) and changes in aliphatic CH₂/CH₃ structures.
Authors: Motevalizadeh, Seyed Mohsen, Mollenhauer, Konrad, Wetekam, Jens
Language: English
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W6906446656
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