The genomic epidemiology of multi-drug resistant invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella in selected sub-Saharan African countries
Year: 2021
Type: article
Abstract: Background Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) is one of the leading causes of bacteraemia in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to provide a better understanding of the genetic characteristics and transmission patterns associated with multi-drug resistant (MDR) iNTS serovars across the continent. Methods A total of 166 iNTS isolates collected from a multi-centre surveillance in 10 African countries (2010–2014) and a fever study in Ghana (2007–2009) were genome sequenced to investigate the geographical distribution, antimicrobial genetic determinants and population structure of iNTS serotypes–genotypes. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted in the context of the existing genomic frameworks for various iNTS serovars. Population-based incidence of MDR-iNTS disease was estimated in each study site. Results Salmonella Typhimurium sequence-type (ST) 313 and Salmonella Enteritidis ST11 were predominant, and both exhibited high frequencies of MDR; Salmonella Dublin ST10 was identified in West Africa only. Mutations in the gyrA gene (fluoroquinolone resistance) were identified in S . Enteritidis and S . Typhimurium in Ghana; an ST313 isolate carrying bla CTX-M-15 was found in Kenya. International transmission of MDR ST313 (lineage II) and MDR ST11 (West African clade) was observed between Ghana and neighbouring West African countries. The incidence of MDR-iNTS disease exceeded 100/100 000 person-years-of-observation in children aged <5 years in several West African countries. Conclusions We identified the circulation of multiple MDR iNTS serovar STs in the sampled sub-Saharan African countries. Investment in the development and deployment of iNTS vaccines coupled with intensified antimicrobial resistance surveillance are essential to limit the impact of these pathogens in Africa.
Source: BMJ Global Health
Authors: Se Eun Park, Duy Thanh Pham, Gi Deok Pak, Ursula Panzner, Ligia Maria Cruz Espinoza, Vera von Kalckreuth, Justin Im, Ondari D. Mogeni, Heidi Schütt-Gerowitt, John A Crump, Robert F Breiman, Yaw Adu-Sarkodie, Ellis Owusu-Dabo, Raphaël Rakotozandrindrainy, Abdramane Bassiahi Soura, Abraham Aseffa, Nagla Gasmelseed, Arvinda Sooka, Karen H Keddy, Jürgen May, Peter Aaby, Holly M Biggs, Julian T Hertz, Joel M Montgomery, Leonard Cosmas, Beatrice Olack, Barry Fields, Nimako Sarpong, Tsiriniaina Jean Luco Razafindrabe, Tiana Mirana Raminosoa, Leon Parfait Kabore, Emmanuel Sampo, Mekonnen Teferi, Biruk Yeshitela, Muna Ahmed El Tayeb, Ralf Krumkamp, Denise Myriam Dekker, Anna Jaeger, Adama Tall, Amy Gassama, Aissatou Niang, Morten Bjerregaard-Andersen, Sandra Valborg Løfberg, Jessica Fung Deerin, Jin Kyung Park, Frank Konings, Megan E Carey, Sandra Van Puyvelde, Mohammad Ali, John Clemens, Gordon Dougan, Stephen Baker, Florian Marks
Institutions: International Vaccine Institute, Yonsei University, University of Oxford, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, University of Cologne, Duke University, Duke Medical Center, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, University of Otago, Emory University, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Institut Superieur Des Sciences De La Population, Armauer Hansen Research Institute, University of Hafr Al-Batin, University of Gezira, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, University of the Witwatersrand, German Center for Infection Research, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Statens Serum Institut, Bandim Health Project, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Cheikh Anta Diop University, University of Cambridge, University of Antwerp, Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde, Johns Hopkins University, University of California, Los Angeles, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research
Language: English
Subfield: Food Science
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,679
Funders: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Oak Foundation, Styrelsen för Internationellt Utvecklingssamarbete, Wellcome Trust, National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fogarty International Center
Awards: G2189395094, G2800751862, G3719426566, G4518260094, International Clinical Trials Unit, G4746755541, The Impact and Society Ecology of Bacterial Zoonoses in Northern Tanzania: Under, International Vaccine Institute - to build additional evidence to understand where typhoid vaccine is needed in Africa and accelerate its delivery where needed, Fogarty International Clinical Research Scholars Support Center @ Vanderbilt-AAMC, HIV/AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, (CHAVI) Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology, Exploiting genetics, genomics, and immunological responses to construct novel conjugate vaccines against Salmonella Paratyphi A; an emerging global health threat, G9000089057, Center for AIDS Research
OpenAlex ID: W3188242408