A Comparative Study on Toe Prints Among Males and Females
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Fingerprints are the most widely accepted evidence in court of law owing to their uniqueness. Similar to fingerprints, the toe dermal ridge pattern is unique in nature. The objective of this study is to analyse the most common toe print patterns in males and females, it also aims to find out the specific pattern that predominates in each individual toe. The study also analyses the frequency distribution of the patterns, dividing them both gender-wise and toe-wise. 200 samples are being collected for this study, of which 100 are males and 100 are females from Chennai. Toe print impressions are being collected using an inkless fingerprint pad. The data analysis reveals that the loops were seen to be the most common pattern in both males and females, there are total of 41.45% percentage of loop pattern followed by arch pattern 35% and last whorl pattern contain 23.55%. In male 39.9% contain loop patterns followed by arch pattern contain 36.3% and then whorl pattern contains 23.8%. In female the dominant pattern is loop pattern contain 43% followed by arch pattern 33.7% and then whorl pattern contains 23.3%. Toe prints have various applications in multiple fields like identification of disabled persons, identification of victims of mass causality, and evidence in crime scene investigation. Addition of toe prints to the biometric system may increase the accuracy of identification systems, increasing their application in security, healthcare, and law enforcement.
Author: Keerthi*, Aryananda K.
Language: English
Subfield: Genetics
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W6930939920
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