BK Polyomavirus (BKPyV) Serotype-Specific Antibody Responses in Blood Donors and Kidney Transplant Recipients with and without new-onset BKPyV-DNAemia: A Swiss Transplant Cohort Study.
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) causes premature renal failure in 10%-30% of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Current guidelines recommend screening for new-onset BKPyV-DNAemia/nephropathy and reducing immunosuppression to regain BKPyV-specific immune control. Since BKPyV encompasses 4 major genotype(gt)-encoded serotypes (st1,-2,-3,-4), st-specific antibodies may inform risk and course of BKPyV-DNAemia/nephropathy. Using BKPyV st-virus-like particle (VLP) ELISA, we analyzed plasma from 399 blood donors (BDs) and 428 KTRs (134 KTR-cases with BKPyV-DNAemia, 294 KTR-controls). BDs were anti-BKPyV-VLP IgG-seropositive in 85% compared to 93% of KTRs at T0 (p<0.001). Anti-st1 were predominant in both groups followed by anti-st4, anti-st2, and anti-st3. Antibody levels and quadruple sero-reactivity at T0 were higher in KTR-controls than in KTR-cases (p=0.026) or in BDs (p<0.001). In KTR-cases, anti-st increased post-transplant (p<0.0001) and independently of ongoing or cleared BKPyV-DNAemia. However, anti-st levels were significantly higher at T0 in KTR-cases able to clear at T6 or T12. In 34 KTR-cases with deep genome sequencing, BKPyV-gtI was predominant, and anti-st1 and st1-neutralizing antibodies were significantly lower at T0 than in KTR-controls. Thus, BKPyV st-specific antibody levels at transplantation might reflect gt/st-BKPyV-specific immunity clearing or preventing BKPyV-DNAemia in KTR-cases or KTR-controls, respectively. Accordingly, active or passive immunization may be most efficient pretransplant or early post-transplant.
DOI: 10.48620/77359
Authors: Hillenbrand, Caroline A, Bani, Dorssa Akbari, Follonier, Océane, Kaur, Amandeep, Weissbach, Fabian H, Wernli, Marion, Wilhelm, Maud, Leuzinger, Karoline, Binet, Isabelle, Bochud, Pierre-Yves, Golshayan, Dela, Hirzel, Cédric, Manuel, Oriol, Mueller, Nicolas J, Schaub, Stefan, Schachtner, Thomas, Van Delden, Christian, Hirsch, Hans H
Language: English
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W6948524409
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