Hyloscirtus maycu Varela-Jaramillo, Streicher, Venegas & Ron, 2025, sp. nov.
Year: 2025
Type: other
Abstract: Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. Figs 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 16, 17 Common name: Proposed standard English name: Maycu stream frog Proposed standard Spanish name: Rana de torrente de Maycu Type material. Holotype. • QCAZ 67087 (Figs 16, 17), field no. SC 56707, adult male from Ecuador, Provincia Zamora Chinchipe, Reserva Natural Maycu, plateau (4.2067 ° S, 78.6326 ° W), 882 m above sea level, collected by D. Almeida, K. Nusirquia, D. Núñez, D. Paucar, F. Hervas, J. Ortega, A. Achig, S. Pillajo, R. Gavilanez, and J. Mora on 27 February 2017. A 3 D model of the holotype is available at the Sketchfab platform (https://skfb.ly/oSqqr). Paratypes. • All from Ecuador, Provincia Zamora Chinchipe. Collected with the holotype, QCAZ 67081, 67086 adult females, QCAZ 67082 adult male, QCAZ 67084, 67085 juveniles, QCAZ 67083 tadpole, 959–1219 m of elevation, collected on 23 and 25 February 2017 and 01 March 2017. Nuevo Paraíso, camp near Río Nangaritza, Cordillera del Oso (4.4442 ° S, 78.8134 ° W), 1127 m, QCAZ 68055 adult male, collected on 16 May 2017 by K. Nusirquia, Darwin Núñez, Andrea Calispa Definition. In this section, coloration and characters refer to preserved specimens unless otherwise mentioned. The definition and diagnosis are based on two adult females and three adult males. Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. can be diagnosed by the combination of the following characters: (1) mean SVL 33.4 mm in adult males (range 31.9–34.2; n = 3) and mean SVL 42.7 mm in adult females (range 41.7–43.7; n = 2; Suppl. material 1: table S 5; Fig. 7); (2) white supralabial stripe present or absent; (3) tympanum round, inconspicuous in males and distinct in females; supratympanic fold inconspicuous and unpigmented; (4) white ulnar and tarsal folds inconspicuous or conspicuous; (5) subarticular tubercles conspicuous, round and single, in hands and feet; (6) supernumerary tubercles inconspicuous in hands and feet; (7) calcar tubercle absent; (8) pericloacal spots well-defined; (9) all surfaces plain cream with a combination of black and white spots in the dorsum; (10) in life, dorsal surfaces and flanks olive green to crete with white spots and minute or thick black spots scattered over the body; axillar and inguinal regions blueish or mongoose; venter and posterior surfaces of thighs yellow; other ventral surfaces silver or greenish; bones and articulations blue; unpigmented pericloacal spots; webbing yellow orange; iris clam shell with thick dark pinkish to leather reticulations; (11) the advertisement call consists of a single note, with duration of 0.053 s (n = 1) and a dominant frequency of 2343.8 Hz and fundamental frequency of 1171.90 Hz. The call can be repeated consecutively from 10–13 times in a series of calls. Diagnosis. Characters in this section pertain to preserved specimens unless otherwise noticed. Coloration refers to life specimens. The most similar species to H. maycu sp. nov. living in the Amazon basin are Hyloscirtus albopunctulatus, H. elbakyanae sp. nov., H. dispersus sp. nov., H. phyllognathus, and H. torrenticola. Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. differs by the absence of a supratympanic fold (present in H. albopunctulatus and H. dispersus sp. nov.), an inconspicuous tarsal fold (present and thick in H. albopunctulatus, H. phyllognathus, and H. torrenticola), conspicuous subarticular tubercles in hands and feet (small to inconspicuous in hands and feet in H. albopunctulatus; Fig. 11), inconspicuous supernumerary tubercles in hands and feet (conspicuous in hands in H. dispersus sp. nov.), pericloacal spots ill-defined or absent (well-defined in H. albopunctulatus and H. phyllognathus), an absent calcar tubercle (present in H. dispersus sp. nov. and H. phyllognathus), and a clam iris with dark pinkish or leather reticulations (a clam shell iris with black or sand dune reticulations in H. albopunctulatus and a bronze iris in H. torrenticola, Fig. 12). Although our sample size is small, the available evidence indicates that H. maycu sp. nov. differs from H. elbakyanae sp. nov. by its smaller size (Fig. 7). The advertisement call of H. maycu sp. nov. has a rise time of 0.8 s (longer in H. albopunctulatus with 2.28 ± 0.80 s and shorter in H. elbakyanae sp. nov. with 0.57 ± 0.05 s and in H. torrenticola with 0.16 ± 0.017 s), a dominant frequency of 2343.8 Hz and a fundamental frequency of 1171.9 Hz (higher dominant frequency in H. dispersus sp. nov. of 2795.41 ± 138.68 Hz and fundamental frequency of 2700.63 ± 195.66 Hz). Hyloscirtus torrenticola also has a higher dominant frequency of 2743.79 ± 48.22 Hz and a fundamental frequency of 2743.75 ± 48.16 Hz. Hyloscirtus maycu sp. nov. has a call duration of 0.053 s (longer in H. dispersus sp. nov. of 0.11 ± 0.015 s) (Table 4, Fig. 9; Melin 1941; Duellman and Altig 1978; Rivera-Correa 2016). Additionally, H. maycu sp. nov. inhabits elevations between 882 and 1183 m, while H. elbakyanae sp. nov. lives lower between 214 and 622 m and in wetter and warmer environments (Figs 5, 10). Description of the holotype. Description of characters based on the preserved specimen. Adult male (Figs 16, 17). Measurements (in mm): SVL 34.1; foot length 13.9, head length 9.7, head width 10.2, eye diameter 3.0, tympanum diameter 2.0, tibia length 17.2, femur length 17.2, internarial distance 3.1, inter-orbital distance 4.9. Head wider than long; body slender; snout rounded in dorsal and lateral view; distance from nostril to eye same as diameter of eye; canthus rostralis distinct; loreal region convex; internarial region slightly curved; top of the head slightly concave; nostrils not protuberant, round, directed anterolaterally; lips rounded, not flared; interorbital area slightly concave, longer than upper eyelid; tympanum and tympanic fold inconspicuous; tympanic annulus absent; tympanic membrane absent; mental gland present, diamond-shaped, well defined, extending ~ 1 / 3 the size of the head; dentigerous processes of vomers slightly curved, transversal and posterior to ovoid choanae, each process narrowly separated from each other and bearing five teeth each; tongue cordiform, widely attached to mouth floor; vocal slits and subgular vocal sac present. Forearms slender; axillary membrane absent; fingers bearing dermal fringes and rounded discs; relative lengths of fingers I <II <IV <III; webbing formula I basal II 2 – — 3 – III 2 + — 2 – IV; subarticular tubercles prominent, round, single; supernumerary tubercles small; thenar tubercle absent; palmar tubercle small; prepollex present, not modified as a spine; nuptial pads absent; ulnar tubercles absent; outer ulnar fold present. Hindlimbs slender; toes bearing dermal fringes and rounded discs; relative length of toes I <II <III <V
Authors: Varela-Jaramillo, Andrea, Streicher, Jeffrey W., Venegas, Pablo J., Ron, Santiago R.
Language: English
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W6949543716
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