A pan-respiratory virus attachment inhibitor with high potency in human airway models and in vivo
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: Respiratory viruses can cause severe infections, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia, often leading to hospitalization or death. Due to their ease of transmission, they are also scrutinized for their pandemic potential. No broad-spectrum antiviral is currently available. Previous research has shown that β-cyclodextrin can inhibit influenza viruses when modified to mimic sialic acid or inhibit respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome – Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) when mimicking heparan sulfates. Here, we report the identification of a pan-respiratory antiviral strategy based on mimicking both glycans. Starting with human parainfluenza virus 3, an important respiratory pathogen that uses both classes of glycans, we synthesized and characterized a unique modified cyclodextrin that simultaneously mimics heparan sulfate and sialic acid. This novel compound demonstrated broad-spectrum antiviral activity against human parainfluenza virus 3, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza viruses, and SARS-CoV-2. In ex vivo models of human respiratory tissue, the compound retained its broad-spectrum activity against these four respiratory viruses by significantly reducing virion release at the apical surface. The antiviral activity was maintained in in vivo experiments, using both prophylactic and therapeutic strategies, against RSV. These findings represent a significant step forward in the development of future treatments and preventive measures for respiratory viral infections.
Source: Figshare
Authors: Mathez, Gregory, Cagno, Valeria, Jacob Silva, Paulo, Caren, Vincent, Deloizy, Charlotte, Prompt, Clémentine, Hubart, Anaïs, Rocha-Pereira, Joana, Galloux, Marie, Le Goffic, Ronan, Stellacci, Francesco
Language: English
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W6958525580
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