Year: 2024
Type: preprint
Abstract: The BigCode project, an open-scientific collaboration focused on the responsible development of Large Language Models for Code (Code LLMs), introduces StarCoder2. In partnership with Software Heritage (SWH), we build The Stack v2 on top of the digital commons of their source code archive. Alongside the SWH repositories spanning 619 programming languages, we carefully select other high-quality data sources, such as GitHub pull requests, Kaggle notebooks, and code documentation. This results in a training set that is 4x larger than the first StarCoder dataset. We train StarCoder2 models with 3B, 7B, and 15B parameters on 3.3 to 4.3 trillion tokens and thoroughly evaluate them on a comprehensive set of Code LLM benchmarks. We find that our small model, StarCoder2-3B, outperforms other Code LLMs of similar size on most benchmarks, and also outperforms StarCoderBase-15B. Our large model, StarCoder2- 15B, significantly outperforms other models of comparable size. In addition, it matches or outperforms CodeLlama-34B, a model more than twice its size. Although DeepSeekCoder- 33B is the best-performing model at code completion for high-resource languages, we find that StarCoder2-15B outperforms it on math and code reasoning benchmarks, as well as several low-resource languages. We make the model weights available under an OpenRAIL license and ensure full transparency regarding the training data by releasing the SoftWare Heritage persistent IDentifiers (SWHIDs) of the source code data.
Source: arXiv (Cornell University)
Authors: Lozhkov, Anton, Li, Raymond, Allal, Loubna Ben, Cassano, Federico, Lamy-Poirier, Joel, Tazi, Nouamane, Tang, Ao, Pykhtar, Dmytro, Liu, Jiawei, Wei, Yuxiang, Liu, Tianyang, Tian, Max, Kocetkov, Denis, Zucker, Arthur, Belkada, Younes, Wang, Zijian, Liu, Qian, Abulkhanov, Dmitry, Paul, Indraneil, Li, Zhuang, Li, Wen-Ding, Risdal, Megan, Li, Jia, Zhu, Jian, Zhuo, Terry Yue, Zheltonozhskii, Evgenii, Dade, Nii Osae Osae, Yu, Wenhao, Krauß, Lucas, Jain, Naman, Su, Yixuan, He, Xuanli, Dey, Manan, Abati, Edoardo, Chai, Yekun, Muennighoff, Niklas, Tang, Xiangru, Oblokulov, Muhtasham, Akiki, Christopher, Marone, Marc, Mou, Chenghao, Mishra, Mayank, Gu, Alex, Hui, Binyuan, Dao, Tri, Zebaze, Armel, Dehaene, Olivier, Patry, Nicolas, Xu, Canwen, McAuley, Julian, Hu, Han, Scholak, Torsten, Paquet, Sebastien, Robinson, Jennifer, Anderson, Carolyn Jane, Chapados, Nicolas, Patwary, Mostofa, Tajbakhsh, Nima, Jernite, Yacine, Ferrandis, Carlos Muñoz, Zhang, Lingming, Hughes, Sean, Wolf, Thomas, Guha, Arjun, von Werra, Leandro, de Vries, Harm
Institutions: University of California San Diego, Kaggle, University College London, Northeastern University, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Data61, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Monash University, University of British Columbia, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, University of Notre Dame, Technical University of Munich, Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence, Leipzig University, Johns Hopkins University, IBM (United States), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Wellesley College, Princeton University, University of California, Berkeley, Cornell University
Language: English
Subfield: Information Systems
Field: Computer Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W6967084484