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Clinical and Anamnestic Features in Children With Severe Accidental Involution of the Thymus and Children With Normative Morphometric Parameters of This Organ

Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study is devoted to the study of clinical and anamnestic features in children with different morphometric parameters of the thymus. The relevance of the work is due to the lack of uniform normative sonographic criteria for assessing the size of the thymus gland and the need to clarify the effect of its condition on the incidence of respiratory diseases. Study objective – development of regional normative ultrasound sizes of the thymus in children of different age groups and analysis of clinical and anamnestic features in children with normal and critically involutional morphometric parameters of this organ. Materials and methods. Ultrasound examination of the thymus was performed in 850 children aged from 1 month to 6 years in the Kemerovo region. Three groups were formed: children with thymomegaly, microthymus and normal parameters. A comparative analysis of morbidity and anamnestic data, including medical and social factors and pregnancy characteristics, was carried out. Results of the study. The percentile standards for the weight and volume of the thymus for children in Kuzbass were established. A significant prevalence of respiratory pathology was revealed in children with bipolar thymus states, especially in the group with microthymus. A relationship was established between unfavorable pregnancy factors (gestosis, intrauterine infection, chronic generalized pregnancy) and the development of microthymus. Children with microthymus demonstrated a higher frequency of acute respiratory viral infections (RR = 3.1), adenoiditis (RR = 3.06) and otitis (RR = 2.86) compared to the control group. Conclusions. The regional standard indicators of thymus size in young children were obtained. A high association of bipolar thymus states with increased morbidity was proven. The most pronounced disorders were detected in children with microthymus, which requires special attention to this category of patients. The results emphasize the importance of taking into account predisposing factors (occupational hazards, alcohol dependence of parents, pregnancy complications) and the dynamics of thymus changes when assessing the risks of developing pathology in children. Further study of the immune status of such children at an older age is necessary.
Authors: Алена Владимировна Ведерникова, Юрий Иванович Ровда, Евгений Васильевич Скударнов, Ирина Валерьевна Силантьева, Тамара Михайловна Вакулова, Наталья Николаевна Миняйлова, Андрей Владимирович Шабалдин, Ольга Валерьевна Шмакова, Наталья Владимировна Краснова, Василий Витальевич Дадонов, Татьяна Сергеевна Хоботкова, Наталья Степановна Черных, Анна Андреевна Лобыкина, Александра Николаевна Деменова
Language: English
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W6989910224
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