La naissance des gènes, mécanismes et impact de l’apparition des gènes sur l’évolution chez les organismes eucaryotes : sous-titre
Year: 2024
Type: dissertation
Abstract: This thesis explores the molecular mechanisms and evolutionary impacts of the emergence of new genes in eukaryotes. It is built around a rigorous definition of the gene concept and examines the main processes responsible for their emergence, including duplication, retrotransposition, de novo gene formation and exon rearrangements. Particular attention is paid to de novo genes, derived from non-coding sequences, which defy traditional models of evolution and illustrate the adaptive potential of genomes. Examples from different lineages, such as primates, medaka fish and plants, illustrate the importance of de novo genes in evolution. Newly formed genes can follow a variety of evolutionary paths, including degeneration into pseudogenes, neo-functionalization or sub-functionalization. These mechanisms play a crucial role in the functional innovation and adaptation of organisms, with significant impacts on evolution. Finally, this study highlights how modifications of regulatory elements and genetic innovations contribute to the remodeling of cellular interaction networks, significantly influencing the phenotype and adaptive capacities of species.
Source: HAL
Author: Poulin, Lilian
Language: English
Subfield: Genetics
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7001622954