Year: 2024
Type: dissertation
Abstract: During the transition from early development to aging, the genome undergoes changes with high biological complexity in both architecture and dynamics across various organizational levels.Understanding chromatin mobility is essential as it is intricately linked to chromosome function, influencing cell cycle, differentiation, transcription, and DNA repair.Advances in experimental techniques, such as fluorescent live-cell imaging, have shifted the perception of chromatin from a static to a dynamic entity.I started my research by focusing on elucidating the dynamics, specifically the mobility, of chromosomes using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C.elegans) embryo.Despite observing a reduction in mobility during early embryogenesis, the underlying physical mechanism remained unknown.Therefore, this study focuses on chromatin dynamics during the early embryogenesis of C. elegans, aiming to identify the relationship between chromatin mobility and nuclear size.The main research question is what is the mechanism for chromatin mobility reduction during C. elegans early embryogenesis?The specific research questions addressed were: (1) Can we develop a method to quantify intrinsic chromatin mobility excluding nuclear movement?(2) Is there a quantitative relationship between chromatin mobility and nuclear size?(3) Can a theory be formulated to explain the quantitative relationship between chromatin mobility and nuclear size?To address these questions, the study leveraged polymer physics frameworks and advanced imaging techniques.Chromatin mobility was visualized using fluorescent probes in C. elegans embryos at various early stages of development from 2-to 48-cell state.Mean squared change in distance (MSCD) was used to quantify chromatin mobility, excluding the effects of nuclear motion.Collaborating with Dr. Takahiro Sakaue, an expert in polymer physics, the study applied and tested theoretical models to explain the observed changes in chromatin mobility in relation to nuclear size.The research demonstrated that nuclear size has a profound impact on chromatin mobility.Experimental manipulations of nuclear size confirmed that smaller nuclei exhibited reduced chromatin mobility.The study applied polymer physics models, specifically the Rouse model, to understand the transition in chromatin dynamics.It was observed that as nuclear size decreases, chromatin dynamics transition from Rouse dynamics to entangled Outline A study on the mobility of chromatin in relation to the size of the cell nucleus....................
Authors: Yesbolatova, Aiya, イエスボラトヴァ, アイヤ, Yesbolatova, Aiya
Language: English
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7015360504