Hydrogen based energy systems: challenges, needs and opportunities
Year: 2023
Type: dissertation
Abstract: Throughout this dissertation, the examination of hydrogen as an energy carrier encompasses its current state and future potential. The significance of addressing climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions is emphasised as the driving force behind the discussion. Although fossil fuels still dominate global energy consumption, it is anticipated that renewable energy sources assume a progressively vital role in the future. A comprehensive overview of hydrogen’s physical and chemical properties is presented, encompassing safety considerations and associated ISO standards. Furthermore, the concept of Technology Readiness Level (TRL) is introduced, which serves as a framework for assessing a technology’s readiness to fulfil energy policy objectives. The focus then shifts to the production of green hydrogen, with water electrolysis technologies taking centre stage. Various methods of hydrogen storage are evaluated, including underground storage, physical storage, and material-based storage. Transportation technologies are examined, taking into account different storage methods, volume requirements, and transportation distances. Lastly, an assessment of well-known technologies for harnessing energy from hydrogen is undertaken, including gas turbines, internal combustion engines, and fuel cells. By delving into these topics, this dissertation aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of hydrogen as an energy carrier, covering its properties, production processes, storage methods, transportation technologies, and energy recovery options. In the conclusions, it is highlighted that the foreseeable future holds significant potential for hydrogen as an energy carrier and its associated technologies. The widespread adoption of hydrogen as a clean and versatile energy carrier presents immense opportunities for various sectors. As the demand for hydrogen continues to grow, particularly in transportation, building heating, and power generation, new business prospects emerge. These opportunities encompass the development and deployment of hydrogen production facilities, storage infrastructure, transportation networks, and the manufacturing of hydrogen-based technologies. The dissertation concludes by emphasising the importance of further research, innovation, and collaboration among industry, academia, and policymakers to unlock the full potential of hydrogen and foster its transition into a mainstream energy solution.
Author: Rolo, Inês Antunes
Language: English
Subfield: Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7019707053