Application of calcium looping process using circulating fluidized bed technology for decarbonization of Waste-to-Energy plants : process modeling of a tail-end calcium looping process with Aspen Plus
Year: 2023
Type: dissertation
Abstract: Reduction in fossil CO2 emission is necessary to limit global warming. Integrating carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology into Waste-to-Energy (WtE) plants presents a way to reduce fossil CO2 emissions or even create a net negative impact, thanks to the biogenic fraction in municipal solid waste (MSW). One suitable carbon capture process for WtE plants is calcium looping (CaL), which captures CO2 from flue gases through cyclic reactions involving a limestone-based sorbent. \n \nIn this thesis, the application of CaL to decarbonize a WtE plant was investigated. The heat integration opportunities and energy penalty of the CaL process were examined via literature review. Heat and mass balances of CaL, the effect of CaL on the CO2 emissions, and the effect of different calciner fuels, namely bio-pellets, wood residue, and solid recovered fuel (SRF), on process performance were evaluated based on a tail-end CaL process simulation model created in Aspen Plus. \n \nIt was noticed that implementing CaL into a WtE plant results in net negative CO2 emissions with all the alternative calciner fuels that were examined. The energy penalty of the CaL may be reduced through heat integration into the host WtE plant, accomplished using external superheating or reheating. Among the alternative calciner fuels, the highest net power output for the CaL system was achieved when firing SRF in the calciner.
Source: LUTPub (LUT University)
Author: Hallikainen, Tiia
Institution: Sumitomo Heavy Industries (Japan)
Language: English
Subfield: Fuel Technology
Field: Energy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7036203196