Year: 2016
Type: article
Abstract: The adult brain of mammalians, including humans, has the following two neurogenic regions: the subventricular zone (SVZ) lining the lateral ventricle and subgranular zone of the hippocampus.In these regions, neural stem and progenitor cells (neural precursor cells, NPCs) generate neurons throughout the lifespan.Here we review recent studies on adult neurogenesis, mainly focusing on SVZ.First, we describe the anatomical aspects of SVZ. Adult neural stem cells morphologically and functionally share many characters with astrocytes, which reside in the "non-neurogenic" regions.Moreover, it is a critical issue that endogenous NPCs are highly heterogeneous.Second, we summarize several growth factors and neurotransmitters that affect the proliferation of endogenous NPCs.These factors greatly affect the regulation of adult neurogenesis because accumulating evidence indicates that neuronal activities and pathological conditions affect the proliferation of NPCs.Therefore, understanding the properties of endogenous NPCs is important for repairing a brain damage.
Language: Japanese
Subfield: Developmental Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W3028249956