Prediction of Concrete Strength With Modified Plastic Waste Aggregate as Partial Replacement for Coarse Aggregate
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The disposal of plastic waste presents significant environmental challenges, including degradation of landfills and water bodies, greenhouse gas emissions, and soil contamination. Utilizing plastic waste in concrete production offers a solution to illegal dumping and reduces the reliance on mined aggregates, promoting sustainable construction practices. Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), commonly found in plastic bottles and food containers, is a readily available source of plastic waste. This study investigates the effects of treating PET waste with calcium hypochlorite solution (Ca(ClO)2) before incorporating it into concrete as a partial replacement for coarse aggregate. Various compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), and density tests were conducted for three replacement percentages: 15 %, 30 %, and 45 % of conventional coarse aggregate with modified plastic aggregates (MPA). The findings show that chemically treated plastic aggregates maintained fresh density while reducing slump value at 30% and 45% replacement levels, even with the addition of polycarboxylate acid (superplasticizer), possibly due to surface roughness and irregular shapes of the MPA. However, concrete with 30% MPA achieved a 28-day compressive strength, UPV, and density of 23.13 N/mm², 3643 m/s, and 1996 kg/m³, respectively, which conforms with BS EN 206-1 (2013) standards for the minimum requirement of structural lightweight concrete. Additionally, three machine learning models which include Artificial Neural Network (ANN), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Random Forest (RF) were developed to predict water absorption and sorptivity. Pre-processing, statistical methods and data visualization techniques were employed for data understanding. Experimental results were used to generate a dataset, and the models ...
Authors: Muhammad FU, Agboola SA
Institutions: Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, University of Abuja
Language: English
Subfield: Building and Construction
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7061487056
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