The prognostic role of food addiction for weight loss treatment outcomes in individuals with overweight and obesity
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: Food addiction (FA) could be a potential prognostic factor of weight loss intervention outcomes. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to (1) estimate this prognostic effect of FA diagnosis and symptom count in individuals with overweight or obesity and (2) explore potential sources of heterogeneity based on properties of the weight loss intervention, study, and sample (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity). We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science for studies reporting on associations between pre-intervention FA (assessed with the Yale Food Addiction Scale) and weight outcomes after weight loss intervention in individuals with overweight or obesity without a medically diagnosed eating disorder. Twenty-five studies met inclusion criteria, including 4904 individuals (71% women, \(M_{age}\) = 41 years, BMI = 40.82 \(kg/m^{2}\)), \(\it k\) = 18 correlations of weight loss with FA symptom count, and \(\it k\) = 21 mean differences between FA diagnosis groups. Pooled estimates of random-effects meta-analyses found limited support for a detrimental effect of FA symptom count and diagnosis on weight loss intervention outcomes. Negative associations with FA increased for behavioral weight loss interventions and among more ethnically diverse samples. More research on the interaction of FA with pre-existing mental health problems and environmental factors is needed.
Authors: Halbeisen, Georg (Dr. rer. nat.), Pahlenkemper, Marie (B. Sc.), Sabel, Luisa (M. Sc.), Richardson, Candice (Master of Public Health), Agüera, Zaida (Dr. med.), Fernandez-Aranda, Fernando (Prof. Dr.), Paslakis, Georgios (Prof. Dr. med.)
Institutions: Ruhr University Bochum, University of Toronto
Language: English
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7061513818
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