H.E.S.S. and MAGIC observations of a sudden cessation of a very-high-energy γ -ray flare in PKS 1510−089 in May 2016
Year: 2021
Type: article
Abstract: The flat spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ) PKS 1510−089 is known for its complex multiwavelength behaviour and it is one of only a few FSRQs detected in very-high-energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV) γ rays. The VHE γ -ray observations with H.E.S.S. and MAGIC in late May and early June 2016 resulted in the detection of an unprecedented flare, which revealed, for the first time, VHE γ -ray intranight variability for this source. While a common variability timescale of 1.5 h has been found, there is a significant deviation near the end of the flare, with a timescale of ∼20 min marking the cessation of the event. The peak flux is nearly two orders of magnitude above the low-level emission. For the first time, a curvature was detected in the VHE γ -ray spectrum of PKS 1510–089, which can be fully explained by the absorption on the part of the extragalactic background light. Optical R -band observations with ATOM revealed a counterpart of the γ -ray flare, even though the detailed flux evolution differs from the VHE γ -ray light curve. Interestingly, a steep flux decrease was observed at the same time as the cessation of the VHE γ -ray flare. In the high-energy (HE, E > 100 MeV) γ -ray band, only a moderate flux increase was observed with Fermi -LAT, while the HE γ -ray spectrum significantly hardens up to a photon index of 1.6. A search for broad-line region (BLR) absorption features in the γ -ray spectrum indicates that the emission region is located outside of the BLR. Radio very-long-baseline interferometry observations reveal a fast-moving knot interacting with a standing jet feature around the time of the flare. As the standing feature is located ∼50 pc from the black hole, the emission region of the flare may have been located at a significant distance from the black hole. If this is indeed a true correlation, the VHE γ rays must have been produced far down in the jet, where turbulent plasma crosses a standing shock.
Source: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Authors: H. Abdalla, R. Adam, F. Aharonian, F. Ait Benkhali, E. O. Angüner, C. Arcaro, C. Armand, T. Armstrong, H. Ashkar, M. Backes, V. Baghmanyan, V. Barbosa Martins, A. Barnacka, M. Barnard, Y. Becherini, D. Berge, K. Bernlöhr, B. Bi, M. Böttcher, C. Boisson, J. Bolmont, S. Bonnefoy, M. de Bony de Lavergne, J. Bregeon, M. Breuhaus, F. Brun, P. Brun, M. Bryan, M. Büchele, T. Bulik, T. Bylund, S. Caroff, A. Carosi, S. Casanova, T. Chand, S. Chandra, A. Chen, G. Cotter, M. Curyło, J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye, I. D. Davids, J. Davies, C. Deil, J. Devin, P. deWilt, L. Dirson, A. Djannati-Ataï, A. Dmytriiev, A. Donath, V. Doroshenko, J. Dyks, K. Egberts, F. Eichhorn, S. Einecke, G. Emery, J.-P. Ernenwein, K. Feijen, S. Fegan, A. Fiasson, G. Fichet de Clairfontaine, M. Filipovic, G. Fontaine, S. Funk, M. Füßling, S. Gabici, Y. A. Gallant, G. Giavitto, L. Giunti, D. Glawion, J. F. Glicenstein, D. Gottschall, M.-H. Grondin, J. Hahn, M. Haupt, G. Hermann, J. A. Hinton, W. Hofmann, C. Hoischen, T. L. Holch, M. Holler, M. Hörbe, D. Horns, D. Huber, M. Jamrozy, D. Jankowsky, F. Jankowsky, A. Jardin-Blicq, V. Joshi, I. Jung-Richardt, M. A. Kastendieck, K. Katarzyński, U. Katz, D. Khangulyan, B. Khélifi, S. Klepser, W. Kluźniak, Nu. Komin, R. Konno, K. Kosack, D. Kostunin, M. Kreter, G. Lamanna, A. Lemière, M. Lemoine-Goumard, J.-P. Lenain, C. Levy, T. Lohse, I. Lypova, J. Mackey, J. Majumdar, D. Malyshev, D. Malyshev, V. Marandon, P. Marchegiani, A. Marcowith, A. Mares, G. Martí-Devesa, R. Marx, G. Maurin, P. J. Meintjes, M. Meyer, A. M. W. Mitchell, R. Moderski, M. Mohamed, L. Mohrmann, A. Montanari, C. Moore, P. Morris, E. Moulin, J. Muller, T. Murach, K. Nakashima, A. Nayerhoda, M. de Naurois, H. Ndiyavala, F. Niederwanger, J. Niemiec, L. Oakes, P. O’Brien, H. Odaka, S. Ohm, L. Olivera-Nieto, E. de Ona Wilhelmi, M. Ostrowski, M. Panter, S. Panny, R. D. Parsons, G. Peron, B. Peyaud, Q. Piel, S. Pita, V. Poireau, A. Priyana Noel, D. A. Prokhorov, H. Prokoph, G. Pühlhofer, M. Punch, A. Quirrenbach, S. Raab, R. Rauth, P. Reichherzer, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, Q. Remy, M. Renaud, F. Rieger, L. Rinchiuso, C. Romoli, G. Rowell, B. Rudak, E. Ruiz-Velasco, V. Sahakian, S. Sailer, D. A. Sanchez, A. Santangelo, M. Sasaki, M. Scalici, F. Schüssler, H. M. Schutte, U. Schwanke, S. Schwemmer, M. Seglar-Arroyo, M. Senniappan, A. S. Seyffert, N. Shafi, K. Shiningayamwe, R. Simoni, A. Sinha, H. Sol, A. Specovius, S. Spencer, M. Spir-Jacob, Ł. Stawarz, L. Sun, R. Steenkamp, C. Stegmann, S. Steinmassl, C. Steppa, T. Takahashi, T. Tavernier, A. M. Taylor, R. Terrier, D. Tiziani, M. Tluczykont, L. Tomankova, C. Trichard, M. Tsirou, R. Tuffs, Y. Uchiyama, D. J. van der Walt, C. van Eldik, C. van Rensburg, B. van Soelen, G. Vasileiadis, J. Veh, C. Venter, P. Vincent, J. Vink, H. J. Völk, T. Vuillaume, Z. Wadiasingh, S. J. Wagner, J. Watson, F. Werner, R. White, A. Wierzcholska, Yu. W. Wong, A. Yusafzai, M. Zacharias, R. Zanin, D. Zargaryan, A. A. Zdziarski, A. Zech, S. J. Zhu, J. Zorn, S. Zouari, N. Żywucka, V. A. Acciari, S. Ansoldi, L. A. Antonelli, A. Arbet Engels, K. Asano, D. Baack, A. Babić, A. Baquero, U. Barres de Almeida, J. A. Barrio, J. Becerra González, W. Bednarek, L. Bellizzi, E. Bernardini, A. Berti, J. Besenrieder, W. Bhattacharyya, C. Bigongiari, A. Biland, O. Blanch, G. Bonnoli, Ž. Bošnjak, G. Busetto, R. Carosi, G. Ceribella, M. Cerruti, Y. Chai, A. Chilingarian, S. Cikota, S. M. Colak, U. Colin, E. Colombo, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, S. Covino, G. D’Amico, V. D’Elia, P. Da Vela, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, B. De Lotto, M. Delfino, J. Delgado, D. Depaoli, F. Di Pierro, L. Di Venere, E. Do Souto Espiñeira, D. Dominis Prester, A. Donini, D. Dorner, M. Doro, D. Elsaesser, V. Fallah Ramazani, A. Fattorini, G. Ferrara, L. Foffano, M. V. Fonseca, L. Font, C. Fruck, S. Fukami, R. J. García López, M. Garczarczyk, S. Gasparyan, M. Gaug, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, P. Gliwny, N. Godinović, D. Green, D. Hadasch, A. Hahn, L. Heckmann, J. Herrera, J. Hoang, D. Hrupec, M. Hütten, T. Inada, S. Inoue, K. Ishio, Y. Iwamura, L. Jouvin, Y. Kajiwara, M. Karjalainen, D. Kerszberg, Y. Kobayashi, H. Kubo, J. Kushida, A. Lamastra, D. Lelas, F. Leone, E. Lindfors, S. Lombardi, F. Longo, M. López, R. López-Coto, A. López-Oramas, S. Loporchio, B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga, C. Maggio, P. Majumdar, M. Makariev, M. Mallamaci, G. Maneva, M. Manganaro, K. Mannheim, L. Maraschi, M. Mariotti, M. Martínez, D. Mazin, S. Mender, S. Mićanović, D. Miceli, T. Miener, M. Minev, J. M. Miranda, R. Mirzoyan, E. Molina, A. Moralejo, D. Morcuende, V. Moreno, E. Moretti, P. Munar-Adrover, V. Neustroev, C. Nigro, K. Nilsson, D. Ninci, K. Nishijima, K. Noda, S. Nozaki, Y. Ohtani, T. Oka, J. Otero-Santos, M. Palatiello, D. Paneque, R. Paoletti, J. M. Paredes, L. Pavletić, P. Peñil, C. Perennes, M. Persic, P. G. Prada Moroni, E. Prandini, C. Priyadarshi, I. Puljak, W. Rhode, M. Ribó, J. Rico, C. Righi, A. Rugliancich, L. Saha, N. Sahakyan, T. Saito, S. Sakurai, K. Satalecka, B. Schleicher, K. Schmidt, T. Schweizer, J. Sitarek, I. Šnidarić, D. Sobczynska, A. Spolon, A. Stamerra, D. Strom, M. Strzys, Y. Suda, T. Surić, M. Takahashi, F. Tavecchio, P. Temnikov, T. Terzić, M. Teshima, N. Torres-Albà, L. Tosti, S. Truzzi, J. van Scherpenberg, G. Vanzo, M. Vazquez Acosta, S. Ventura, V. Verguilov, C. F. Vigorito, V. Vitale, I. Vovk, M. Will, D. Zarić, S. G. Jorstad, A. P. Marscher, B. Boccardi, C. Casadio, J. Hodgson, J.-Y. Kim, T. P. Krichbaum, A. Lähteenmäki, M. Tornikoski, E. Traianou, Z. R. Weaver
Institutions: North-West University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies, Russian-Armenian University, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Aix-Marseille Université, Centre de physique des particules de Marseille, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules, Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules, Université Grenoble Alpes, University of Oxford, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay, Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers, University of Namibia, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Jagiellonian University, Linnaeus University, University of Tübingen, Université Paris Cité, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Univers et Théories, Sorbonne Université, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies, Université Paris Diderot, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, University of Amsterdam, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, University of Warsaw, University of the Witwatersrand, Laboratoire de Physique des deux infinis Bordeaux, The University of Adelaide, Universität Hamburg, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, University of Potsdam, Heidelberg University, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Universität Innsbruck, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Rikkyo University, University of the Free State, University of Zurich, University of Leicester, The University of Tokyo, A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, University of Udine, Tokai University, Kyoto University, RIKEN, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, National Institute for Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, TU Dortmund University, University of Rijeka, University of Zagreb, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing in Zagreb, University of Osijek, University of Split, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, University of Łódź, University of Siena, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, University of Padua, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Max Planck Institute for Physics, Institute for High Energy Physics, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, University of Pisa, Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Universitat de Barcelona, International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics Network, National Academy of Sciences of Armenia, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Port d'Informació Científica, University of Würzburg, University of Turku, University of Oulu, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, University of Trieste, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, University of Bologna, Boston University, St Petersburg University, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, Tartu Observatory, Aalto University
Language: English
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,550
Funders: National Science Foundation, U.S. Department of Energy, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, National Research Centre, National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Associated Universities, EGI Federation, National Research Foundation, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Academy of Finland, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Austrian Science Fund, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Nuclear Safety and Security Commission, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Vetenskapsrådet, Narodowym Centrum Nauki, Hrvatska Zaklada za Znanost, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, University of Tokyo, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, National Commission on Research, Science and Technology, Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações, University of Namibia, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Forschung, Fundación Bancaria Caixa d'Estalvis i Pensions de Barcelona, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Australian Research Council, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, European Regional Development Fund, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo
Awards: G1362816932, 魚肉の誘電特性からみた凍結過程ならびにねり製品製造過程中の水分子の挙動, G1479717493, G1673313526, G196419191, G1981859605, G2063515313, G2266095685, Very high energy gamma-ray astronomy with the MAGIC and CTA telescopes, G2371548206, Estimation of State-price Densities, G2985832970, G2994312516, G303061748, G3197651753, Further understanding of high-energy astronomical phenomena by operating the large-aperture atmospheric Cherenkov gamma-ray telescopes, G3601229376, G3896122379, G4201897825, G4617026164, G4652746711, G4949931570, 肝性ポルフィリン症の臨床的研究, G5570207115, G6024799018, G617271991, G6649312515, G7214672632, G7471327171, THE INVESTIGATORS PROPOSE TO CONTINUE THEIR MONITORING OF 37 GAMMA-RAY AND RADIO BRIGHT ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI WITH THE VLBA AND THE FERMI-LAT. THE TOTAL AND POLARIZED INTENSITY VLBA IMAGES AT 43 GHZ REVEAL EVENTS IN THE PARSEC-SCALE JET - SUPERLUMINAL KNOT EJECTIONS AND FLARES IN THE KNOTS AND CORE REGION - ASSOCIATED WITH FLARES AT GAMMA-RAY AND OTHER WAVEBANDS. TOGETHER WITH MULTI-WAVEBAND DATA THIS DETERMINES THE LOCATION OF THE FLARING SITE CRUCIAL TO OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE PHYSICAL PROCESSES INVOLVED. CONTINUED OBSERVATIONS OF THE PREVIOUS SAMPLE WILL REVEAL ANY REPEATED PATTERNS AS WELL AS HIGHLIGHT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RADIO AND GAMMA-RAY EVENTS THAT ARE RELATED AND THOSE THAT ARE NOT. THE IMAGES AND CALIBRATED VLBA DATA ARE PROVIDING AN EXTREMELY VALUABLE LEGACY DATASET., G835652883, G8470910663, G8752631986, G969889393
OpenAlex ID: W3115393403